Question 1

Freud's view that gender differences in personality development are due to anatomical differences between males and females was criticized by Karen Horney primarily for _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   ignoring cultural and environmental influences on personality development
B)   underestimating cognitive differences between males and females
C)   dismissing the importance of parenting style on personality development
D)   overestimating intelligence differences between males and females

Question 2

A(n) _____ presents individuals with an ambiguous stimulus and asks them to describe it or to tell a story about it-to launch their own meaning onto the stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A)   self-report questionnaire
B)   psychophysiological measure
C)   projective test
D)   empirically keyed test

Question 3

The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) was created by _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   Sigmund Freud
B)   Karen Horney
C)   Alfred Adler
D)   Henry Murray

Question 4

Cookie Monster,one of the characters on the children's TV show Sesame Street,has an intense urge to consume cookies,even when doing so is irrational and maladaptive.Eating cookies gives Cookie Monster a great source of pleasure and satisfaction.Freud would say that his behavior reflects the fact that Cookie Monster is ruled by his _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   id
B)   ego
C)   superego
D)   Oedipus Complex

Question 5

At home Carrie was moody,self-centered,and bossy.At social events,Carrie was the life of the party.She was funny,happy,and demonstrated social graces that none of her family ever saw at home.What is Jung's explanation of Carrie's behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)   Carrie adopted her persona at parties.
B)   Carrie became her mandala at parties.
C)   Carrie was her anima at home.
D)   Carrie was her archetype at home.

Question 6

According to humanistic theory,a child who receives _____ from her parents is likely to avoid the problems associated with _____,which determine the circumstances under which people approve or disapprove of themselves.

Accepted Answer

A)   unconditional positive regard/self-actualization needs
B)   conditions of worth/positive self-regard needs
C)   self-consistency/threats
D)   unconditional positive regard/conditions of worth

Question 7

According to Gray's reinforcement sensitivity theory,the behavioral inhibition system is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   sensitive to rewards in the environment
B)   predisposes one to feelings of positive emotion
C)   underlies the trait of extraversion
D)   sensitive to punishments

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a method proposed by Rogers to develop a more positive self-concept?

Accepted Answer

A)   Unconditional positive regard
B)   Empathy
C)   Genuineness
D)   Defense mechanisms

Question 9

What are the big five factors of personality? Are the big five factors related to one another?

Accepted Answer

The big five factors of personality are ...

Question 10

Self-report personality measures _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   rely on a professional's diagnosis or opinion
B)   ask the test taker to interpret ambiguous stimuli
C)   are based on behavioral observation
D)   directly ask the test-taker to respond to statements about himself or herself.

Question 11

The _____ approach to personality places emphasis on conscious awareness,beliefs,expectations,and goals.

Accepted Answer

A)   psychodynamic
B)   humanistic
C)   trait
D)   social cognitive

Question 12

Trait theories of personality _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   state that situational factors override personal characteristics
B)   focus on the role of the unconscious
C)   take a more optimistic view of human nature than humanistic psychologists do
D)   examine personal characteristics that are stable across situations

Question 13

Adler's view that people are motivated by purposes and goals and that perfection,not pleasure,is thus the key motivator in human life is known as _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   individual psychology
B)   humanistic theory
C)   trait theory
D)   social cognitive theory

Question 14

Describe Carl Rogers's approach to personality and how it is related to the more general concept of positive psychology.

Accepted Answer

The humanistic approach assumes that hum...

Question 15

A(n) _____ is a type of self-report test that is created by first identifying two groups that are known to be different.

Accepted Answer

A)   thematic apperception test
B)   empirically keyed test
C)   Rorschach inkblot test
D)   personology inventory

Question 16

Results of behavioral genetics twin studies suggest that heritability estimates for the big five personality factors are about _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   20 percent
B)   35 percent
C)   50 percent
D)   70 percent

Question 17

According to Eysenck's theory,introversion and extraversion are characteristic patterns of behavior that _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   are shaped through behaviorism
B)   aim to regulate arousal around baseline
C)   should be measured using projective tests
D)   determine a person's sense of unconditional positive regard

Question 18

Ethan is short and thin.Although he's not very strong or athletic,he excels in academics and has a great sense of humor.According to Adler,Ethan's attempts to overcome physical weaknesses by developing strengths in other areas are an example of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   repression
B)   displacement
C)   sublimation
D)   compensation

Question 19

Which of the following individuals illustrates the trait of conscientiousness?

Accepted Answer

A)   Edmund, who suffers in silence
B)   Anne, who forgives her son for his poor academic performance
C)   Peter, who has a high IQ level and pursues entrepreneurial goals
D)   Alvin, who loves talking to many people constantly

Question 20

Which of the following statements accurately describes how factor analysis is used to identify personality traits?

Accepted Answer

A)   Factor analysis allows researchers to create operational definitions of theoretically generated personality traits.
B)   Factor analysis permits trait inferences by examining people's responses to ambiguous stimuli.
C)   Factor analysis identifies clusters of highly correlated specific behaviors that are assumed to reflect a single factor.
D)   Factor analysis guides researchers who use projective tests.

Exam 10: Personality

Adler's view that people are motivated by purposes and goals and that perfection,not pleasure,is thus the key motivator in human life is known as _____.

Correct Answer
verified

A(n) _____ presents individuals with an ambiguous stimulus and asks them to describe it or to tell a story about it-to launch their own meaning onto the stimulus.

Correct Answer
verified

What are the big five factors of personality? Are the big five factors related to one another?

Correct Answer
verified
The big five factors of personality are ...
View Answer

According to Eysenck's theory,introversion and extraversion are characteristic patterns of behavior that _____.

Correct Answer
verified

Describe Carl Rogers's approach to personality and how it is related to the more general concept of positive psychology.

Correct Answer
verified
The humanistic approach assumes that hum...
View Answer

Freud's view that gender differences in personality development are due to anatomical differences between males and females was criticized by Karen Horney primarily for _____.

Correct Answer
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Which of the following individuals illustrates the trait of conscientiousness?

Correct Answer
verified

A(n) _____ is a type of self-report test that is created by first identifying two groups that are known to be different.

Correct Answer
verified

At home Carrie was moody,self-centered,and bossy.At social events,Carrie was the life of the party.She was funny,happy,and demonstrated social graces that none of her family ever saw at home.What is Jung's explanation of Carrie's behavior?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

According to Gray's reinforcement sensitivity theory,the behavioral inhibition system is _____.

Correct Answer
verified

Ethan is short and thin.Although he's not very strong or athletic,he excels in academics and has a great sense of humor.According to Adler,Ethan's attempts to overcome physical weaknesses by developing strengths in other areas are an example of _____.

Correct Answer
verified

Self-report personality measures _____.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT a method proposed by Rogers to develop a more positive self-concept?

Correct Answer
verified

The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) was created by _____.

Correct Answer
verified

The _____ approach to personality places emphasis on conscious awareness,beliefs,expectations,and goals.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements accurately describes how factor analysis is used to identify personality traits?

Correct Answer
verified

Results of behavioral genetics twin studies suggest that heritability estimates for the big five personality factors are about _____.

Correct Answer
verified

According to humanistic theory,a child who receives _ from her parents is likely to avoid the problems associated with _,which determine the circumstances under which people approve or disapprove of themselves.

Correct Answer
verified

Trait theories of personality _____.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 10: Personality

Adler's view that people are motivated by purposes and goals and that perfection,not pleasure,is thus the key motivator in human life is known as _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A(n) _____ presents individuals with an ambiguous stimulus and asks them to describe it or to tell a story about it-to launch their own meaning onto the stimulus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the big five factors of personality? Are the big five factors related to one another?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe big five factors of personality are ...View AnswerShow Answer

According to Eysenck's theory,introversion and extraversion are characteristic patterns of behavior that _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe Carl Rogers's approach to personality and how it is related to the more general concept of positive psychology.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe humanistic approach assumes that hum...View AnswerShow Answer

Freud's view that gender differences in personality development are due to anatomical differences between males and females was criticized by Karen Horney primarily for _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following individuals illustrates the trait of conscientiousness?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A(n) _____ is a type of self-report test that is created by first identifying two groups that are known to be different.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At home Carrie was moody,self-centered,and bossy.At social events,Carrie was the life of the party.She was funny,happy,and demonstrated social graces that none of her family ever saw at home.What is Jung's explanation of Carrie's behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Gray's reinforcement sensitivity theory,the behavioral inhibition system is _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ethan is short and thin.Although he's not very strong or athletic,he excels in academics and has a great sense of humor.According to Adler,Ethan's attempts to overcome physical weaknesses by developing strengths in other areas are an example of _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Self-report personality measures _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a method proposed by Rogers to develop a more positive self-concept?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) was created by _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _____ approach to personality places emphasis on conscious awareness,beliefs,expectations,and goals.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements accurately describes how factor analysis is used to identify personality traits?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Results of behavioral genetics twin studies suggest that heritability estimates for the big five personality factors are about _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to humanistic theory,a child who receives _____ from her parents is likely to avoid the problems associated with _____,which determine the circumstances under which people approve or disapprove of themselves.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Trait theories of personality _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
The big five factors of personality are ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
The humanistic approach assumes that hum...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

According to humanistic theory,a child who receives _ from her parents is likely to avoid the problems associated with _,which determine the circumstances under which people approve or disapprove of themselves.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified