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Emerging adulthood is the transitional period from adolescence to adulthood that ranges from approximately _____ years of age.


A) 12-15
B) 15-18
C) 18-25
D) 25-30

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According to _____,as we age our cells become less capable of dividing.


A) hormonal stress theory
B) free-radical theory
C) cellular-clock theory
D) Erikson's theory of socioemotional development

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By the end of the _____ period,the heart begins to beat,the arms and legs become more differentiated,the face starts to form,and the intestinal tract appears in human beings.


A) germinal
B) fetal
C) conception
D) embryonic

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Which of the following is true with regard to development?


A) Development requires that we take into account the contributions of a person's biological inheritance without considering the environment.
B) Development is the product of nature, nurture, and the complex interaction of the two.
C) All development involves growth, not decline.
D) Understanding development requires that we take into account the contributions of the environment alone.

Correct Answer

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Four-month-old baby Oscar is a participant in a preferential looking experiment.Researchers show Oscar two photos,one of which is of his mother's face,and the other which is of a female stranger's face.The photos are presented repeatedly in differing locations,and the amount of time Oscar spends looking at the photos is recorded.What will researchers conclude if Oscar shows a reliable preference for his mother's face over the stranger's face?


A) Oscar can discriminate his mother's face from a stranger's face.
B) Oscar is afraid of strangers.
C) Oscar likes strangers as much as his mothers.
D) Oscar can't see very well.

Correct Answer

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Schaie's longitudinal study of intellectual abilities showed that _____ is the period when most people reach their peak for many intellectual skills.


A) adolescence
B) early adulthood
C) middle adulthood
D) late adulthood

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Cooper's father is a corporate executive who works long hours.He travels several days throughout the month and spends very little time with Cooper.He has never been to any of Cooper's soccer games or met any of his friends.Cooper's father believes that his career is more important than raising his son.As such,he does not get involved in Cooper's life.Psychologists would describe Cooper's father's style of parenting as _____.


A) authoritarian
B) authoritative
C) neglectful
D) permissive

Correct Answer

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A 13-year-old breaks up with his first girlfriend and he is very upset.No one can console him,because he believes that no one else has ever been hurt as badly as he has.The boy's beliefs are consistent with _____.


A) prepubertal romance
B) adolescent egocentrism
C) transductive reasoning
D) separation anxiety

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Which of the following accurately represents the correct sequence of Erikson's first four stages of socioemotional development?


A) Industry vs. inferiority; initiative vs. guilt; autonomy vs. shame; trust vs. mistrust
B) Autonomy vs. shame; industry vs. inferiority; trust vs. mistrust; initiative vs. guilt
C) Trust vs. mistrust; autonomy vs. shame; initiative vs. guilt; industry vs. inferiority
D) Initiative vs. guilt; industry vs. inferiority; trust vs. mistrust; autonomy vs. shame

Correct Answer

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Which theory of aging has focused on the role of chronic stress in reducing immune system functioning?


A) Erikson's theory of socioemotional development
B) Free-radical theory
C) Cellular-clock theory
D) Hormonal stress theory

Correct Answer

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Which of the following statements best describes moral reasoning at the conventional level?


A) "What I did was illegal, but I needed the money."
B) "What I did was illegal, but nobody will ever find out."
C) "What I did was illegal, but saving a life is what a good person is expected to do."
D) "What I did was illegal, but the family of the person I saved offered a huge reward."

Correct Answer

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Which of the following statements about Piaget's theory of cognitive development is false?


A) Piaget believed that we go through four stages in understanding the world and that each stage involves a qualitatively different way of making sense of the world.
B) Piaget believed that children do not play an active role in constructing their own understanding of the world but rather are passively reacting to environmental influences.
C) Piaget believed that children use schemas to make sense of their experience.
D) Piaget's theory suggests that over the course of the four developmental stages, a person progresses from sensorimotor cognition to abstract, idealistic, and logical thought.

Correct Answer

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Which of the following characterizes pubertal change in adolescents?


A) Hormones are alone responsible for adolescent behavior.
B) Estradiol, an estrogen, is associated in boys with the development of genitals, an increase in height, and voice change.
C) There is no dramatic change in the concentration of certain hormones because they decrease gradually during puberty.
D) The peak of pubertal change occurs at an average age of 11½ for girls and 13½ for boys.

Correct Answer

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Which of Piaget's stages of cognitive development is characterized by egocentric thought?


A) Sensorimotor
B) Preoperational
C) Concrete operational
D) Post-conventional

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Which of the following refers to a period of rapid skeletal and sexual maturation that occurs mainly in early adolescence?


A) Sensorimotor stage
B) Preoperational stage
C) Puberty
D) Menopause

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Which of the following is the final stage of Erikson's socioemotional development?


A) Intimacy versus isolation
B) Integrity versus despair
C) Industry versus inferiority
D) Generativity versus stagnation

Correct Answer

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Most adults reach their peak physical development during their _____.


A) 20s
B) 30s
C) 40s
D) 50s

Correct Answer

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Andrea is a preterm infant who was born 37 weeks after conception.Which of the following characteristics will decrease the probability of Andrea experiencing developmental problems?


A) Andrea is from a very low-income family.
B) Andrea's parents are chain smokers.
C) Andrea's mother is an alcoholic.
D) Andrea's parents massage her at least 3-4 times per day.

Correct Answer

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According to Erikson's theory of socioemotional development,_____ is the best way to build an infant's sense of trust.


A) engaging in establishing a sense that the world is a predictable and safe place
B) encouraging object permanence
C) discouraging egocentrism
D) engaging in authoritarian parenting and placing limits and controls on behavior

Correct Answer

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Recent research on prosocial behavior has found that _____.


A) children do not engage in prosocial behavior
B) children are inherently selfish
C) parenting style has little effect on children's prosocial behavior
D) supportive parenting is related to more prosocial behavior in children

Correct Answer

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