Question 1

Pain receptors of the skin are:

Accepted Answer

A)   elaborate neuron endings.
B)   also known as Ruffini endings.
C)   simple, bare neuron endings.
D)   also known as Meissner's corpuscles.

Question 2

Supertasters are more likely to enjoy spicy foods.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which two factors determine whether or not there will be a "sound shadow"?

Accepted Answer

A)   loudness and ear size
B)   head size and frequency
C)   frequency and cochlea size
D)   suddenness of onset and loudness

Question 4

People with massive damage to the primary auditory cortex:

Accepted Answer

A)   are rendered completely deaf.
B)   are rendered deaf to only high-frequency sounds.
C)   cannot recognize combinations or sequences of sounds.
D)   can no longer hear and recognize simple sounds.

Question 5

Sweetness, bitterness and umami receptors operate by:

Accepted Answer

A)   closing potassium channels.
B)   depolarizing the membranes.
C)   activating a protein which causes the release of a second messenger.
D)   simply permitting sodium ions to cross their membranes.

Question 6

In adult humans, the taste buds are:

Accepted Answer

A)   evenly distributed across the front half of the tongue.
B)   evenly distributed across the whole tongue.
C)   concentrated near the center of the tongue.
D)   concentrated along the outside edge of the tongue.

Question 7

The taste nerves initially project to the:

Accepted Answer

A)   nucleus of the tractus solitarius.
B)   cerebral cortex.
C)   hypothalamus.
D)   orbital prefrontal cortex.

Question 8

An acceleration of the head at any angle causes:

Accepted Answer

A)   the jelly-like substance in one of the semicircular canals to move to another canal.
B)   the jelly-like substance in one of the semicircular canals to push against hair cells.
C)   fluid to spill out from the otolith organs into the semicircular canals.
D)   hair cells to become stiff and straight.

Question 9

The primary taste cortex is known as the:

Accepted Answer

A)   flavor cortex.
B)   olfactory cortex.
C)   insular cortex.
D)   occipital cortex.

Question 10

Given a very faint odor of air freshener, who is most likely to detect it?

Accepted Answer

A)   male
B)   post-menopausal female
C)   cycling female
D)   pre-pubertal female

Question 11

The current view of how we perceive high frequencies is based on:

Accepted Answer

A)   the frequency of responses by each auditory neuron.
B)   volleys of responses by many auditory neurons.
C)   where along the basilar membrane neurons fire most rapidly.
D)   the ratio of firing among three types of receptors.

Question 12

The vestibular organ consists of:

Accepted Answer

A)   only otolith organs.
B)   only semicircular canals.
C)   otolith organs and semicircular canals.
D)   the cochlea and an otolith organ.

Question 13

Analogous to lateral inhibition, when olfactory receptors are stimulated, they:

Accepted Answer

A)   inhibit the activity of other receptors.
B)   quickly die.
C)   inhibit cell reproduction.
D)   inhibit nausea.

Question 14

The current view of how we perceive frequencies greater than 1,000 but less than 5,000 Hz is based on:

Accepted Answer

A)   the frequency of responses by each auditory neuron.
B)   volleys of responses by many auditory neurons.
C)   the area along the basilar membrane where neurons fire most rapidly.
D)   the ratio of firing among three types of receptors.

Question 15

High frequency tones produce maximum displacement:

Accepted Answer

A)   at the base of the basilar membrane.
B)   at the apex of the basilar membrane.
C)   at the narrow end of the cochlea.
D)   in the eighth cranial nerve.

Question 16

Along each strip of somatosensory cortex, different sub-areas respond to:

Accepted Answer

A)   different types of receptors.
B)   different areas of the body.
C)   different parts of the cortex.
D)   different types of transmitters.

Question 17

The current view of how we perceive sounds less than 100 Hz is based on:

Accepted Answer

A)   the frequency of action potentials.
B)   the area along the basilar membrane that responds most strongly.
C)   volleys of responses.
D)   the asymmetrical positioning of an individual's ears.

Question 18

Small-diameter pain axons:

Accepted Answer

A)   carry sharp pain information.
B)   carry dull pain information.
C)   do not respond to endorphins.
D)   are associated with large cell bodies.

Question 19

What process is predicted by the gate theory of pain?

Accepted Answer

A)   Pain information grows more intense as it passes each synapse on its way to the brain.
B)   Non-pain information can inhibit pain information.
C)   Intense pain can shut out all other sensory information.
D)   The intensity of pain experience depends entirely on the excitability of pain receptors.

Question 20

Why is it important for sound vibrations to be amplified as they pass through the ear?

Accepted Answer

A)   The inner membrane gets less sensitive with age.
B)   More force is needed to create waves in fluid.
C)   Much of the vibration is lost in the eardrum.
D)   Too much is lost through friction.

Exam 7: The Other Sensory Systems

The vestibular organ consists of:

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Given a very faint odor of air freshener, who is most likely to detect it?

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Along each strip of somatosensory cortex, different sub-areas respond to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What process is predicted by the gate theory of pain?

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Small-diameter pain axons:

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Pain receptors of the skin are:

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Sweetness, bitterness and umami receptors operate by:

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The primary taste cortex is known as the:

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An acceleration of the head at any angle causes:

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Analogous to lateral inhibition, when olfactory receptors are stimulated, they:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The current view of how we perceive frequencies greater than 1,000 but less than 5,000 Hz is based on:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is it important for sound vibrations to be amplified as they pass through the ear?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The current view of how we perceive sounds less than 100 Hz is based on:

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The current view of how we perceive high frequencies is based on:

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In adult humans, the taste buds are:

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Which two factors determine whether or not there will be a "sound shadow"?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People with massive damage to the primary auditory cortex:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The taste nerves initially project to the:

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High frequency tones produce maximum displacement:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Supertasters are more likely to enjoy spicy foods.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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