Question 1

The major class of macromolecules that stores energy and makes up the major component of plasma membranes are

Accepted Answer

A)  lipids.
B)  carbohydrates.
C)  nucleic acids.
D)  proteins.
E)  ions.

Question 2

Starch and cellulose are examples of the functions of polysaccharides.The key structural differences that support these functions are

Accepted Answer

A)  cellulose with high branching aids strong structures,and starch with low branching makes for easy energy release.
B)  the unbranched structure of starch makes it easy to process for energy,and the branched structure in cellulose creates strong bonds.
C)  alpha 1-4 and alpha 1-6 glycosidic linkage in starch creates branching,and beta 1-4 in cellulose creates unbranched structures.
D)  beta 1-4 and alpha 1-6 glycosidic linkage of starch can create branches,and alpha 1-4 linkages in cellulose creates cellulose.

Question 3

The formation of complex molecules that form life is made possible by what understanding regarding carbon?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carbon forms a maximum of 8 covalent bonds.
B)  Carbon can form a maximum of 6 covalent bonds.
C)  Carbon forms up to 4 covalent bonds.
D)  Carbon form 2 covalent bonds.
E)  Carbon forms an ions and cations.

Question 4

The molecule that is polar and acts like a base is

Accepted Answer

A)  R-NH2
B)  R-CO-R
C)  R-OH
D)  R-PO4
E)  R-SH

Question 5

Identify the non-lipid molecule.

Accepted Answer

A)  Phospholipids
B)  Cholesterol
C)  Steroids
D)  Glycogen
E)  Triglycerides

Question 6

Since carbon and hydrogen share similar electronegativities,they will form nonpolar covalent bonds.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

All organic molecules contain

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen and carbon.
B)  nitrogen and oxygen.
C)  hydrogen and oxygen.
D)  carbon and nitrogen.
E)  hydrogen and carbon.

Question 8

The feature of carbon important for producing a diversity of organic molecules is

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon can form up to 2 covalent bonds with other elements.
B)  carbon bonds are stronger than any other bond.
C)  carbon can form both polar and nonpolar covalent bonds with various elements.
D)  carbon bonds cannot be broken in the range of temperatures associated with life.
E)  carbon can form hydrogen bonds with water.

Question 9

Fuels such as gasoline are nonpolar and have high potential energy because they are largely composed of

Accepted Answer

A)  sulfates.
B)  hydrocarbons.
C)  carboxylic acids.
D)  amines.
E)  alcohols.

Question 10

Proteins can have separate domains with distinct structures and functions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Multiple functional groups are able to attach to macromolecules.What is the most useful characteristic that enables the attachment of multiple functional groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  One hydrogen ionic bond.
B)  Four carbon covalent bonds.
C)  Two oxygen covalent bonds.
D)  Three nitrogen ionic bonds.

Question 12

What makes phospholipids good at forming cellular membranes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Regions of aliphatic and hydrophilic atoms causing an internalization of phosphorous making a bilayer.
B)  The polar and non-polar regions create an amphipathic bilayer of phospholipids.
C)  Covalent and ionic bonds between glycerols create a tight seal around the cell.
D)  The three saturated fatty tails in phospholipids create a semi solid like structure that maintains a cell's shape.

Question 13

The sequence of amino acids in a protein is its ______ structure.

Accepted Answer

A)  primary
B)  secondary
C)  tertiary
D)  quaternary
E)  hepternary

Question 14

A polyunsaturated fat contains fatty acids with multiple double bonded carbons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A phospholipid has ______ fatty acids attached to glycerol,whereas a fat has _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  3;4
B)  3;2
C)  2;3
D)  2;4
E)  4;2

Question 16

Why would a diet containing unsaturated fats that form triglycerides be better for an athlete when considering energy levels and health?

Accepted Answer

A)  Unsaturated fats are packed closer together,making them higher in energy storage levels and fluid within the body.
B)  Saturated fats have double bonds,making them harder to break down for energy release and creating artery clogging structures.
C)  Saturated fats are packed closer together,making their breakdown for energy release less efficient and forming unnecessary fat deposits.
D)  Unsaturated fats have a linear structure,making them easy to break down and releasing high amounts of energy when glucose levels are low.

Question 17

Sickle cell anemia is a condition in which red blood cells exhibit a characteristic "sickle" shape.This arises from a mutation or change in one of the amino acids found in hemoglobin.A single amino acid mutation would directly affect a protein's _______ structure.

Accepted Answer

A)  primary
B)  secondary
C)  tertiary
D)  quaternary
E)  peptide

Question 18

The functional group that characterizes an alcohol is

Accepted Answer

A)  -NH2
B)  -COOH
C)  -PO4
D)  -SH
E)  -OH

Question 19

The structural difference between saturated and unsaturated fats causes what type of change at room temperature?

Accepted Answer

A)  Linear structure of a fatty acid causes solid formation at room temperature.
B)  Double bonds in saturated fatty acids cause a solid structure at room temperature.
C)  A linear structure causes a loose forming macromolecule that is liquid at room temperature.
D)  The double bonds require higher temperatures at room temperature to make this fatty acid into a liquiD.

Question 20

What structural component makes fat an efficient macromolecule able to store high amounts of energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  A lipid's size is small and can easily be broken,down releasing high amounts of energy.
B)  Lipids have many long chains of C-OH bonds,which store high amounts of energy.
C)  Fats have long chains of C-H bonds,which store high amounts of energy.
D)  The way in which adipose tissues are structured is a way for a high amount of energy to be accessed easily.

Exam 3: The Chemical Basis of Life II: Organic Molecules

The molecule that is polar and acts like a base is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The formation of complex molecules that form life is made possible by what understanding regarding carbon?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The major class of macromolecules that stores energy and makes up the major component of plasma membranes are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Since carbon and hydrogen share similar electronegativities,they will form nonpolar covalent bonds.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What structural component makes fat an efficient macromolecule able to store high amounts of energy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify the non-lipid molecule.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why would a diet containing unsaturated fats that form triglycerides be better for an athlete when considering energy levels and health?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Multiple functional groups are able to attach to macromolecules.What is the most useful characteristic that enables the attachment of multiple functional groups?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A polyunsaturated fat contains fatty acids with multiple double bonded carbons.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What makes phospholipids good at forming cellular membranes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Proteins can have separate domains with distinct structures and functions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A phospholipid has ______ fatty acids attached to glycerol,whereas a fat has _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The feature of carbon important for producing a diversity of organic molecules is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All organic molecules contain

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sickle cell anemia is a condition in which red blood cells exhibit a characteristic "sickle" shape.This arises from a mutation or change in one of the amino acids found in hemoglobin.A single amino acid mutation would directly affect a protein's _______ structure.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The sequence of amino acids in a protein is its ______ structure.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Starch and cellulose are examples of the functions of polysaccharides.The key structural differences that support these functions are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The functional group that characterizes an alcohol is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The structural difference between saturated and unsaturated fats causes what type of change at room temperature?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fuels such as gasoline are nonpolar and have high potential energy because they are largely composed of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

A phospholipid has fatty acids attached to glycerol,whereas a fat has _.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified