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Exam 11: Interactions Between Microbes and Humans

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Question 41

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Please read the clinical scenario, and then answer the question that follow to become familiar with the traditional NCLEX question format. A 68-year-old male presents to the emergency department with complaints of a 2-day history of difficulty breathing, cough, and chest pain. Upon triage assessment, the patient is found to have a fever, increased work of breathing, decreased oxygen saturation, and crackles upon auscultation of the lungs. A chest X ray reveals consolidation in the right upper lung field. The patient is diagnosed with pneumonia, initiated on oxygen therapy, and admitted for observation and treatment. -You are diligent to prevent the spread of disease to other patients.Which of the following is the most appropriate type of isolation for this patient,considering the portal of exit for the pathogen in this case?

A) standard isolation (gloves)
B) contact isolation (gown and gloves)
C) droplet isolation (gown,gloves,and mask)
D) airborne isolation (gown,gloves,mask,and negative airflow room)

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Question 42

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Reservoirs include

A) humans.
B) animals.
C) soil.
D) water.
E) All of the choices are correct.

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Question 43

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A fetus can get an infection when a pathogen in the mother's blood is capable of crossing the placenta to the fetal circulation and tissues.

The stage of an infectious disease when specific signs and symptoms are seen and the pathogen is at peak activity is the

The greatest number of pathogens enter the body through the

Mucinase has the greatest effect on the

Which of the following is the endotoxin?

The initial,brief period of early,general symptoms such as fatigue and muscle aches is the

The effect of "good" microbes against invading microbes is called

An infectious agent that originates from outside the body is called

Latency is a dormant state of an infectious agent.

Which of the following is not a method of adhesion?

______ carriers are shedding and transmitting pathogens a long time after they have recovered from an infectious disease.

The principal government agency responsible for tracking infectious diseases in the United States is the

The human body typically begins to be colonized by its normal biota

Please read the clinical scenario, and then answer the questions that follow to become familiar with the traditional NCLEX question format. A 36-year-old female is bit by a raccoon and presents to the emergency department with mild trauma to her right lower extremity. Following a triage assessment, the patient’s wound is dressed. The physician verbalizes concern that the patient may have been exposed to rabies from the bite. As the RN, you provide education to the patient regarding rabies infection and its transmission. -Rabies is an example of this type of infection,which is indigenous to animals but naturally transmissible to humans:

A symptom is

TORCH is an acronym that represents the most common

Local edema,swollen lymph nodes,fever,soreness,and abscesses are indications of

Please read the clinical scenario, and then answer the question that follow to become familiar with the traditional NCLEX question format. As an RN with the infectious disease team, you are providing an education course to new graduate nurses. You provide education regarding the process of infection control and prevention. -As the infectious disease RN,you review the concept of normal biota.A positive Escherichia coli culture would be unremarkable for which of the following body fluids?