Question 1

A state is considering legislation to establish a fifteen day waiting period for the purchase of hand guns.A sample of 392 citizens has been questioned regarding their opinions.Is there a relationship between sex and support for this law? Calculate percentages for the table below and write a sentence or two assessing the strength and pattern or direction of the relationship.
 $\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|l|}
\hline & & \text { Sex } & & \
\hline & & \text { Male } & \text { Female } & \
\hline \text { Support } & \text { For } & 113 & 145 & 258 \
\hline & \text { Against } & 78 & 56 & 134 \
\hline & & 191 & 201 & 392 \
\hline & & & & \

\end{array}$

Accepted Answer

None...

Question 2

In a bivariate table,the categories of the dependent variable are placed in the

Accepted Answer

A)  rows.
B)  columns.
C)  marginals.
D)  far right-hand column.

Question 3

If the conditional distributions of Y change,the variables are

Accepted Answer

A)  independent.
B)  not associated.
C)  significantly related.
D)  associateD.

Question 4

If the conditional distributions of Y do not change across the categories of X,any measure of association and the maximum difference would be

Accepted Answer

A)  1.00.
B)  0.00.
C)  0.10.
D)  100.

Question 5

In the case of a perfect association,predictions from one variable to another can be made

Accepted Answer

A)  only if variables are measured at the nominal level.
B)  when at least one variable is ordinal.
C)  without error.
D)  only if the relationship is positive.

Question 6

If there is a perfect association between sexual attraction and accelerated heartbeat,then

Accepted Answer

A)  sex is unhealthy.
B)  there is strong evidence that sexual attraction and accelerated heartbeat are causally related.
C)  if there is no sexual attraction,the heartbeat never accelerates.
D)  whenever the heartbeat accelerates,people become sexually attractive.

Question 7

A researcher tested the relationship between education and support for assisted suicide ("death with dignity") and found that support increased as education increased and that the maximum difference was 45.This relationship is

Accepted Answer

A)  strong negative.
B)  weak positive.
C)  strong positive.
D)  significant but not important. C

Question 8

To prove that one variable causes another,we use

Accepted Answer

A)  measures of association.
B)  tests of significance.
C)  ANOVA.
D)  none of the above: neither measures of association or tests of significance can prove causal relationships

Question 9

With the independent variable in the columns,the "maximum difference" is the largest difference

Accepted Answer

A)  in column percents in any row.
B)  in row percents in any column.
C)  between the marginals.
D)  between any two cell frequencies.

Question 10

If the distribution of the scores of one variable changes across the categories of another variable,the variables

Accepted Answer

A)  are associated to some extent.
B)  are related in a way that is statistically significant.
C)  have a cause and effect relationship.
D)  are perfectly associateD.

Question 11

Is there an association between support for the legalization of marijuana and age? Calculate percentages for the table below and write a sentence or two assessing the strength and pattern or direction of the relationship.
 $\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|l|l|}
\hline &&\text { Age }\
\hline && \text { Less than } 35 & 35-50 & 50 \text { andOlder } & \
\hline  \text { Suppat }& \text { In Favor: } & 36 & 23 & 17 & 76 \
\hline& \text { Neutral } & 20 & 17 & 16 & 53 \
\hline &\text { Opposed } & 10 & 18 & 36 & 64 \
\hline && 66 & 58 & 69 & 193 \
\hline
\end{array}$

Accepted Answer

None...

Question 12

One way to detect an association between variables is the chi square statistic.Variables are associated if obtained chi square is

Accepted Answer

A)  greater than zero.
B)  less than zero.
C)  greater than 10.
D)  greater than 100.

Question 13

A researcher finds that males are much more supportive of cohabitation than females.The maximum difference is 25.This is a ____ relationship.

Accepted Answer

A)  moderate
B)  negative
C)  positive
D)  strong

Question 14

Tests of significance tell us if our results are non-random.To investigate the strength and direction of relationships,we must use

Accepted Answer

A)  Chi square tests.
B)  ANOVA.
C)  percentages.
D)  measures of association.

Question 15

The table below displays the effects of hair color on political ideology for a sample.How should this relationship be characterized?
  Hair Color  Blonde  Not Blonde  Libera 60%60% Conservative 40%40%100%100%\begin{array}{|l|l|l|}\hline & 	ext { Hair Color } & \\hline & 	ext { Blonde } & 	ext { Not Blonde } \\hline 	ext { Libera } & 60 \% & 60 \% \\hline 	ext { Conservative } & 40 \% & 40 \% \\hline & 100 \% & 100 \% \\hline & & \\hline\end{array} Libera  Conservative ​ Hair Color  Blonde 60%40%100%​ Not Blonde 60%40%100%​​

Accepted Answer

A)  This is a strong,positive relationship.
B)  This is a strong,negative relationship.
C)  There is no relationship between these variables.
D)  This is a perfect relationship.

Question 16

Measures of association provide the researcher with information that

Accepted Answer

A)  indicates the strength of a relationship between variables.
B)  assists him or her in making predictions from one variable to another.
C)  facilitates his or her understanding of causal relationships between variables.
D)  all of the above

Question 17

A maximum difference greater than 30 would usually be accompanied by a ____ measure of association.

Accepted Answer

A)  weak
B)  moderate
C)  negative
D)  strong

Question 18

The distribution of scores on the dependent variable for a specific category of the independent variable is called

Accepted Answer

A)  associated categories.
B)  the distribution correlation.
C)  the conditional distribution of Y.
D)  the marginal response category. C

Question 19

If there is an association between two variables,

Accepted Answer

A)  the scores of the cases are approximately equal.
B)  the distributions of the scores approach normality.
C)  all of the scores are in the same row in the bivariate table.
D)  the conditional distributions of Y change.

Question 20

The closer the value of a measure of association is to one,

Accepted Answer

A)  the stronger the relationship.
B)  the more evenly the scores are distributed.
C)  the weaker the relationship.
D)  the more certain we are that the samples are representative. A

Exam 12: Bivariate Association: Introduction and Basic Concepts

Correct Answer
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None...
View Answer

In a bivariate table,the categories of the dependent variable are placed in the

Correct Answer
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If the conditional distributions of Y change,the variables are

Correct Answer
verified

If the conditional distributions of Y do not change across the categories of X,any measure of association and the maximum difference would be

Correct Answer
verified

In the case of a perfect association,predictions from one variable to another can be made

Correct Answer
verified

If there is a perfect association between sexual attraction and accelerated heartbeat,then

Correct Answer
verified

A researcher tested the relationship between education and support for assisted suicide ("death with dignity") and found that support increased as education increased and that the maximum difference was 45.This relationship is

Correct Answer
verified
C

To prove that one variable causes another,we use

Correct Answer
verified

With the independent variable in the columns,the "maximum difference" is the largest difference

Correct Answer
verified

If the distribution of the scores of one variable changes across the categories of another variable,the variables

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
None...
View Answer

One way to detect an association between variables is the chi square statistic.Variables are associated if obtained chi square is

Correct Answer
verified

A researcher finds that males are much more supportive of cohabitation than females.The maximum difference is 25.This is a ____ relationship.

Correct Answer
verified

Tests of significance tell us if our results are non-random.To investigate the strength and direction of relationships,we must use

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Measures of association provide the researcher with information that

Correct Answer
verified

A maximum difference greater than 30 would usually be accompanied by a ____ measure of association.

Correct Answer
verified

The distribution of scores on the dependent variable for a specific category of the independent variable is called

Correct Answer
verified
C

If there is an association between two variables,

Correct Answer
verified

The closer the value of a measure of association is to one,

Correct Answer
verified
A

Exam 12: Bivariate Association: Introduction and Basic Concepts

Correct AnswerverifiedNone...View AnswerShow Answer

In a bivariate table,the categories of the dependent variable are placed in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the conditional distributions of Y change,the variables are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the conditional distributions of Y do not change across the categories of X,any measure of association and the maximum difference would be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the case of a perfect association,predictions from one variable to another can be made

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If there is a perfect association between sexual attraction and accelerated heartbeat,then

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher tested the relationship between education and support for assisted suicide ("death with dignity") and found that support increased as education increased and that the maximum difference was 45.This relationship is

Correct AnswerverifiedC

To prove that one variable causes another,we use

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

With the independent variable in the columns,the "maximum difference" is the largest difference

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the distribution of the scores of one variable changes across the categories of another variable,the variables

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedNone...View AnswerShow Answer

One way to detect an association between variables is the chi square statistic.Variables are associated if obtained chi square is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher finds that males are much more supportive of cohabitation than females.The maximum difference is 25.This is a ____ relationship.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tests of significance tell us if our results are non-random.To investigate the strength and direction of relationships,we must use

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Measures of association provide the researcher with information that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A maximum difference greater than 30 would usually be accompanied by a ____ measure of association.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The distribution of scores on the dependent variable for a specific category of the independent variable is called

Correct AnswerverifiedC

If there is an association between two variables,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The closer the value of a measure of association is to one,

Correct AnswerverifiedA

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View Answer

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C

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