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Which of the following is another generic approach for reducing resistance?


A) Employee role modeling
B) Education
C) Employee participation
D) Team negotiation
E) Self-efficacy training

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Control strategy consists of using methods such as relaxation, meditation, medication, or exercise to manage the symptoms of occupational stress.

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In Lewin's change model, the changing stage involves providing employees with new information, new behavioral models, or new ways of looking at things.

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A drawback to the manipulation + co-optation approach to overcoming resistance to change is that it can be very time consuming.

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Which of the following is an external force for change?


A) Job dissatisfaction
B) Absenteeism
C) Manager behavior
D) Unmet needs
E) Social pressures

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Define the concept of hardiness, including the personality characteristics of hardiness. How would you rate your hardiness level?

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Hardiness involves the ability to percep...

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Organization development consists of planned efforts to help persons work and live together more effectively, over time, in their organizations.

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Personality conflicts are one reason employees resist change.

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Education and skill level are examples of _____ that constitute a major external force for change.


A) technological advancements
B) demographic characteristics
C) social and political pressures
D) human resource problems
E) market changes

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Among the three types of change, innovative change is highest in complexity, cost, and uncertainty.

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Hardiness represents a collection of personality characteristics including commitment, locus of control, and challenge.

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In a situation where the initiators do not have all the information they need to design the change and where others have considerable power to resist, the _____ approach for overcoming resistance to change is commonly used.


A) negotiation and agreement
B) education and communication
C) facilitation and support
D) participation and involvement
E) manipulation and co-optation

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_____ in individuals with hardiness reflects the extent to which an individual is involved in whatever he or she is doing.


A) High self-esteem
B) Endurance
C) Achievement
D) Commitment
E) Extraversion

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Sexual harassment experiences and bullying represent _____ stressors


A) individual-level
B) extraorganizational
C) organizational
D) group-level
E) behavioral levels

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An individual's predisposition toward change is an outgrowth of how one learns to handle change and ambiguity as a child.

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According to Lewin's change model, the _____ stage involves helping employees integrate the new behavior into their normal way of doing things.


A) changing
B) settling
C) refreezing
D) unfreezing
E) converting

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Negotiation + agreement is the recommended approach for overcoming resistance to change when people are resisting because of adjustment problems.

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Which of the following is a major internal force for change?


A) Demographic characteristics
B) Market changes
C) Managerial behavior
D) Social and political pressures
E) Technological advancements

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Introducing a practice new to the industry is an example of _____ change.


A) adaptive
B) strategic
C) radically innovative
D) planned
E) functional

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Resistance to change is an emotional/behavioral response to real or imagined threats to an established work routine.

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