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Recently Colgate-Palmolive introduced Colgate Enamel Health toothpaste,one that claims to replenish and polish tooth enamel,the hard outer layer of the tooth that provides a protective barrier to inner layers.This new formula helps to separate the Colgate product from its top competitors,such as Crest.What marketing strategy did Colgate-Palmolive use here?


A) product differentiation
B) product segmentation
C) market expansion
D) usage segmentation
E) psychographic segmentation

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There are five steps involved in segmenting and targeting markets.What should a marketer do after he or she has grouped products to be sold into categories?


A) Create product groupings.
B) Identify market needs.
C) Take marketing actions to reach target markets.
D) Develop a market-product grid and estimate size of markets.
E) Form prospective buyers into market segments.

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The quantity consumed or patronage (store visits) during a specific period is referred to as


A) usage rate.
B) purchase metric.
C) consumption index.
D) consumption rate.
E) demand amount.

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You can go to your nearest Hallmark card store and buy a birthday greeting card for a friend and pay .50.Or you can buy a Hallmark card from its new $0) 99 line of greeting cards,made with lesser-quality materials but just as sentimental,sold at Barnes & Noble bookstores.This is an example of


A) mass customization.
B) organizational synergy.
C) one product and multiple market segments.
D) price discrimination.
E) a Tiffany/Walmart strategy.

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Variables that are based on some objective physical (gender,ethnicity) ,measurable (age,income) ,or other classification attribute (occupation) of prospective customers are used in which segmentation basis?


A) personality
B) usage
C) needs
D) demographic
E) behavioral

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All of the following are market segmentation strategies except which?


A) build-to-order
B) multiple products, multiple market segments
C) one product, multiple market segments
D) multiple products, one segment
E) mass customization

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About 3 percent of the population has some degree of allergic reaction,usually mild,to preservatives used in salad bars.Restaurants might consider people with these allergies as a separate segment.To implement this segmentation strategy,restaurants would have to prepare a regular salad bar and a special salad bar for the allergies segment.This multiple product,multiple market segment strategy would have the greatest difficulty meeting which of the following criteria used to form market segments?


A) different needs of buyers among different segments
B) similarity of needs of potential buyers within a segment
C) simplicity and cost-effectiveness of assigning potential buyers to segments
D) potential for increased profit and ROI
E) potential of a marketing action to reach a segment

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Which of the following is an example of a multiple products,multiple market segments strategy?


A) College Football magazine selects different covers for essentially the same written content in order to appeal to different geographic markets in the United States.
B) A new movie used several different movie trailers. One set of previews showed the action scenes in order to attract one audience and the other set showed romantic scenes to attract another audience.
C) Ford manufactures SUVs for those who wish to carry lots of people and pickup trucks for those who wish to carry lots of cargo.
D) Arm and Hammer Baking Soda can be used for baking and to remove odors from refrigerators and cat litter boxes.
E) Johnson's Baby Oil is advertised as a skin softener for babies and as a makeup remover for women.

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Describe the market segmentation process.

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Market segmentation first stresses the i...

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ExxonMobil targets consumers that fill up their gas tanks more than once a week with its Chase Visa fuel card.In this example,ExxonMobil is using which segmentation variable?


A) needs
B) lifestyle
C) behavioral
D) psychographic
E) demographic

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A means of displaying or graphing in two dimensions the location of products or brands in the minds of consumers to enable a manager to see how consumers perceive competing products or brands,as well as its own product or brand,is referred to as a(n)


A) awareness matrix.
B) growth-share matrix.
C) market-product grid.
D) perceptual map.
E) product differentiation chart.

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Criteria for forming segments involve both similarities and differences.In terms of the needs of buyers,the similarities must be __________ a segment,and the differences must be __________ segments.


A) between; among
B) throughout; absent in
C) within; among
D) absent in; throughout
E) among; across

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Which of the following statements about market segmentation for organizational markets is most accurate?


A) Criteria for segmenting markets are the same whether the market is composed of consumers or organizations.
B) Both consumer markets and organizational markets use demographic, geographic, and behavioral bases to segment markets.
C) Psychographic criteria are just as important in segmenting organizational markets as they are in segmenting consumer markets.
D) Consumer markets use market segmentation criteria while organizational markets do not.
E) The greatest difference in market segmentation strategies between consumer and organizational markets is the number of employees employed in the segmentation process.

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The process of segmenting a market and selecting specific segments as targets is the link between the various buyers' or market needs and


A) industry standards.
B) government regulations.
C) top-level management.
D) controllable environmental factors.
E) the organization's marketing program.

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Segmentation based on where prospective customers live or work is referred to as


A) zip code segmentation.
B) geographic segmentation.
C) trade area segmentation.
D) MSA segmentation.
E) NAICS code segmentation.

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Best Foods Co.is considering expanding beyond the regional market segments now served by its Hellmann's mayonnaise.One criterion management wants to use to evaluate potential new geographic market segments is whether additional real estate must be purchased or leased to serve new segments.This is an example of which criterion used to select target market segments?


A) Best Foods' competitive position in the segment
B) Best Foods' product groupings
C) expected growth of the market segment
D) size of the market segment
E) cost of reaching the segment

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Universal Concerts wants to bring a series of music concerts to Canada next year.In general,western Canadians prefer country music while eastern Canadians prefer rock.In fact,a country music event in eastern Canada is very likely to have lots of empty seats.To maximize revenue,Universal Concerts should segment its Canadian market according to


A) geographic characteristics.
B) demographic characteristics.
C) music format characteristics.
D) behavioral characteristics.
E) psychographic characteristics.

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In the sneaker business,Heelys practiced __________ positioning when it introduced a line of Heelys sneakers that came with an imbedded,detachable wheel in the shoe's heel marketed to young teens.


A) head-to-head
B) parallel market
C) reflexive
D) revised
E) differentiation

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Determining the size of specific markets within a market-product grid is helpful in determining which target market segments to select and


A) how to implement the 80-20 rule.
B) which products to group into meaningful categories.
C) how to implement a harvesting strategy.
D) which product groupings to offer.
E) which products to reposition.

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Kellogg's has several cereals targeted at different types of users.This is an example of multiple products aimed at multiple markets.Manufacturing these different cereals is clearly more expensive than producing one,but is worthwhile if it


A) allows for new product testing.
B) creates economy of scale.
C) doesn't reduce quality or increase price.
D) cannibalizes the earliest products.
E) stabilizes the sales revenues and profits.

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