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During the purchase decision process, an individual at the __________ stage will perceive differences between his or her ideal and actual situations big enough to trigger a decision.


A) problem recognition
B) alternative evaluation
C) cognitive dissonance
D) routine response behavior
E) postpurchase behavior

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In the VALS system, consumers who favor established, prestige products and services and are interested in time-saving devices given their hectic schedules are called


A) thinkers.
B) believers.
C) achievers.
D) innovators.
E) experiencers.

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At the __________ of the purchase decision process, a consumer compares the product with his or her expectations and is either satisfied or dissatisfied.


A) problem recognition stage
B) information search stage
C) alternative evaluation stage
D) purchase decision stage
E) postpurchase stage

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FIGURE 5-14 FIGURE 5-14   -According to the text depicted in Figure 5-14 above, African Americans rank __________ in terms of spending power in the U.S. A) second-largest spending power of the three racial/ethnic subcultures B) third-largest spending power of the three racial/ethnic subcultures C) fourth-largest spending power of the three racial/ethnic subcultures D) fifth-largest spending power of the three racial/ethnic subcultures E) tenth-largest spending power of the three racial/ethnic subcultures -According to the text depicted in Figure 5-14 above, African Americans rank __________ in terms of spending power in the U.S.


A) second-largest spending power of the three racial/ethnic subcultures
B) third-largest spending power of the three racial/ethnic subcultures
C) fourth-largest spending power of the three racial/ethnic subcultures
D) fifth-largest spending power of the three racial/ethnic subcultures
E) tenth-largest spending power of the three racial/ethnic subcultures

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An aspiration group is a group


A) to which a person belongs, including fraternities and social clubs.
B) that a person wishes to be a member of or wishes to be identified with.
C) that a person wishes to maintain a distance from, because of differences in values or behaviors.
D) that a person knows he or she can never really fit into because of basic cultural differences.
E) that a person feels is significantly above him or her in terms of socioeconomics.

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A palindrome is a word or phrase that reads the same whether read from right or left.While Marshall was originally unaware of the term, once he read an article about palindromes for his English class, he saw the term three more times that week.This is most likely the result of


A) selective retention.
B) selective attention.
C) selective intuition.
D) selective perception.
E) stimulus discrimination.

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Involvement refers to


A) the personal, social, and economic significance of the purchase to the consumer.
B) the external influences that affect a consumer's purchase.
C) the level of difficulty involved in making a purchase including licensing, registration, pre-approval, and credit checks.
D) the total number of people (sales clerks, supervisors, etc.) involved in the actual exchange process.
E) the time, energy, and personal investment that will be required for the actual use of a product.

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Needs involving personal fulfillment are called __________.


A) physiological needs
B) self-actualization needs
C) safety needs
D) social needs
E) personal needs

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Women influence what percent of new car-buying decisions?


A) 15%
B) 28%
C) 46%
D) 62%
E) 83%

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Which of the following statements about African-American buying patterns is most accurate?


A) There are few differences between African-Americans and Caucasians.
B) African-American men spend more on health and beauty products than Caucasian men do.
C) The typical African-American family is five years older than the typical Caucasian family.
D) While price is not an issue, African-Americans are strongly motivated by quality and choice.
E) African American buying power is still affected by the negative consequences of disparities in employment and educational opportunities in earlier American history.

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The distinct phases a family progresses through from formation to retirement, each phase bringing with it identifiable purchasing behaviors are referred to as


A) circle of life.
B) family life cycle.
C) family continuum.
D) family evolution.
E) marriage life cycle.

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The American Floral Council used an ad that showed 3 flower arrangements varying in size from a single rose to a very large elaborate arrangement.The caption simply read, "Just how mad is she?" This ad relies on which of the following situational influences for its effectiveness?


A) purchase task
B) social surroundings
C) physical surroundings
D) psychological effects
E) antecedent states

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Beth gives Megan $5 allowance a week.Then Megan is taken shopping to select what she wants to buy.If the item desired costs more than $5, Megan's mother suggests she save her money until she has enough saved to pay for the desired item.When Megan purchases the item, she is allowed to make her own selection, pay for it herself, and engage in interaction necessary with the sales clerk.In this way, Megan's mother encourages the development of


A) consumer acclamation.
B) consumer socialization.
C) consumer enculturation.
D) purchasing socialization.
E) purchasing enculturation.

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Sociocultural influences which affects the consumer purchase decision process, include all of the following except ___________.


A) personal influence
B) reference groups
C) family
D) culture and subculture
E) values, beliefs, and attitudes

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Samantha was often "on call" at the hospital so her husband Ari, an amateur chef, prepared most of the meals for the family.As an anniversary gift, Samantha and her children decided to buy Ari a top-of-the-line professional cook stove.Ari's primary role in this process was that of __________.


A) information gatherer
B) influencer
C) purchaser
D) decision maker
E) user

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You will be graduating soon and have been offered "the job of your dreams." The new position, however, requires some traveling so you will need a car.You currently do not have one.What decision process will you go through to purchase an automobile?

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This purchase would require five purchas...

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The influencing of people during conversation is referred to as


A) opinion making.
B) peer persuasion.
C) interpersonal dialogue.
D) word of mouth activity.
E) action-oriented communication.

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Which of the following statements about subliminal perception is most accurate?


A) The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) believes that subliminal perception does work with a sizeable number of consumers.
B) Subliminal messages are illegal in the United States.
C) Subliminal messages are more effective now since they can be individualized through use of the Internet.
D) About half of U.S.consumers think that subliminal messages can cause them to buy things they don't want.
E) The use of subliminal messaging is monitored by the Better Business Bureau.

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Asian Americans that are conversant in English, highly educated, hold professional and managerial positions, and exhibit buying patterns very much like the typical American consumer are referred to as__________.


A) subcultured
B) social classed
C) nonassimilated
D) peer identified
E) assimilated

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Each of the VALS segments exhibits unique media preferences.Which segment would be the most likely to read sports magazines?


A) experiencers
B) believers
C) makers
D) achievers
E) innovators

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