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John's manager just told his team about this year's contest,the winner of which will receive an all-expense paid trip to Bangkok.John does not like to travel to places where he can't speak the language,so he is not very enthusiastic.This reward has a high valence for John.

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For managers,the importance of Maslow's contribution is that he showed that workers


A) are interested only in compensation that helps them fulfill physiological needs.
B) are as complex as their organization.
C) have needs beyond that of just earning a paycheck.
D) expect an employer to fulfill every level in their hierarchy of needs.
E) have needs that cannot be understood by their employer.

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At his review last year,Bryan was promised a 20 percent raise if he met his production goals.Raises were included in today's paychecks,and although Bryan has met all of his goals,he received only a cost-of-living raise.In the future,Bryan's ______ will probably be ______.


A) instrumentality;high
B) valence;low
C) expectancy;low
D) instrumentality;low
E) expectancy;high

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This question has two parts;be sure to answer both.First,explain McClelland's acquired needs theory.Second,discuss how you would use the model to motivate fellow students on a project team for one of your classes.

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McClelland focused on three ne...

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This question contains two parts;be sure to answer both.First,explain equity theory,and discuss how managers can use this model to help motivate workers.Second,imagine that you are the CEO of BuzzMarket,and online marketing agency that specializes in Web and social media marketing.Your company has 10 employees.You,the CEO,earn $1 million per year in salary,plus another $1 million in bonuses.Your account executive earns $250,000 per year and has a company car,along with other perks.The other eight staffers are junior-level programmers and sales reps,each earning $25,000 per year.How might the eight junior employees perceive the equity of the workplace,and what might they do to reduce their cognitive dissonance? How might you go about correcting the perceptions of inequity?

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Equity theory is a model of motivation t...

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According to goal-setting theory,goal setting helps motivate you by doing all the following except


A) directing your attention toward goal-relevant tasks and away from irrelevant ones.
B) making obstacles become challenges to be overcome,not reasons to fail.
C) making it more likely you will realize success.
D) regulating the effort expended.
E) taking attention away from real work.

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_______ is the extent to which a job allows an employee to make decisions about scheduling different tasks and deciding how to perform them.


A) Horizontal loading
B) Skill variety
C) Autonomy
D) Task significance
E) Task identity

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The motivating potential score (MPS) is calculated as part of using


A) reinforcement theory.
B) McClelland's acquired needs theory.
C) equity theory.
D) goal-setting theory.
E) the job characteristics model.

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This question contains three parts;be sure to answer all parts.First,define a need-based perspective on motivation.Second,identify two of the need-based theories,and list the needs that each includes.Finally,assume that you are the CEO of a company that manufactures low-priced clothing for bargain retailers like Walmart and Target.For the two theories you listed,explain how you would manage each of the relevant needs for the employees in your factory,where the cloth is cut,and the clothes are assembled.

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A need-based perspective on mo...

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Michele's job as an accounting assistant was recently modified to include reconciling bank accounts and making deposits,two tasks previously done by the accounting manager.This increase in responsibility would best be described as


A) job development.
B) job enlargement.
C) job satisficing.
D) job enrichment.
E) job design.

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Which of the following is not a practice used to create a flexible workplace?


A) job sharing
B) gainsharing
C) telecommuting
D) part-time work
E) compressed workweeks

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A technician who is responsible for keeping an airport's control tower's electronic equipment in working order has higher ____________ than a person wiping down cars in a carwash.


A) task significance
B) autonomy
C) skill variety
D) feedback
E) task identity

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A sales commission is an example of a ______ compensation plan.


A) pay-for-knowledge
B) profit-sharing
C) gainsharing
D) pay-for-performance
E) Scanlon

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According to Herzberg's two-factor theory,only ______ factors can make employees satisfied with their jobs.


A) growth
B) affiliation
C) motivating
D) hygiene
E) security

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This question contains two parts;be sure to answer both.First,explain expectancy theory,and discuss how managers can use this model to help motivate employees.Second,imagine that you are managing a local real-estate office.Sales of houses,condominiums,and co-ops have been very slow in the last few months,and your staff is feeling demoralized and unmotivated.Analyze the situation in terms of expectancy theory,and explain how you might go about improving motivation among the real-estate agents.

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Expectancy theory suggests that people a...

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This question contains multiple parts;be sure to answer each.First,what is motivation,and why is it important for managers to understand how motivation works? Second,suppose that you are the manager of a Goodwill store.People make donations to the store as charitable contributions,and then the store sells the items to raise money for its charitable projects (mostly providing job training and employment placement services for people who have difficulty finding work).Name at least one extrinsic reward and one intrinsic reward you might use to motivate employees at the store.

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Motivation is the set of psychological p...

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Most workers rate monetary benefits higher than a caring boss.

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McClelland's need for achievement corresponds most closely to


A) Maslow's self-actualization needs.
B) Herzberg's hygiene factors.
C) equity theory.
D) Deci and Ryan's self-determination theory.
E) expectancy theory.

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Which of the following is not an advisable criterion for an effective incentive plan?


A) The rewards are believable and achievable.
B) Measurable rewards are linked to performance.
C) The rewards require record-setting performance.
D) The rewards satisfy individual needs.
E) The rewards are agreed on by the manager and employees.

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Which of the following is a process perspective on motivation?


A) self-determination theory
B) job characteristics model
C) two-factor theory
D) goal-setting theory
E) acquired needs theory

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