A) 1
B) 10
C) 1,000
D) 10,000
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Multiple Choice
A) changes in fixed costs have no impact on the profit-maximizing price.
B) changes in marginal cost in the discontinuous section of the marginal revenue curve do not alter the profit-maximizing price and output.
C) changes in supply are infrequent.
D) changes in average cost in the gapped section of the marginal revenue curve alter the profit-maximizing price and output.
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Multiple Choice
A) Statement I is true and statement II is false.
B) Statement II is true and statement I is false.
C) Both statements are true.
D) Both statements are false.
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Multiple Choice
A) are few in number.
B) are interdependent.
C) charge a higher price and produce a smaller output than perfect competitors.
D) all of the choices are true of oligopolistic firms.
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Multiple Choice
A) is in Industry X.
B) is in Industry Y.
C) is in Industry Z.
D) cannot be determined.
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Multiple Choice
A) there are so many that their actions are unpredictable.
B) the government doesn't regulate oligopolists when it comes to colluding on prices and quantities.
C) there are so few that their behavior may well have consequences for the firm.
D) oligopolists try not to use non-price competition since it seems to be unfair to the consumer.
E) they have little else to do.
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Essay
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Multiple Choice
A) represented by the kinked demand curve model.
B) typical of cartels.
C) most common for highly differentiated products.
D) a result of price discrimination.
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Multiple Choice
A) $45; 9
B) $45; 11
C) $65; 9
D) $65; 11
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Short Answer
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Multiple Choice
A) covert collusion in the Japanese construction industry.
B) a Korean business arrangement whereby only firms with insider connections may enter an industry.
C) a bribe paid by colluding business firms to get government contracts in Asia.
D) the price set by the price leader in Eastern European oligopolies.
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Short Answer
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Multiple Choice
A) Cigarettes, motor vehicles, and pipelines are industries with high concentration ratios.
B) Oligopolized industries have higher concentration ratios than monopolistic competitors.
C) The Electric Machinery Conspiracy case involved covert collusion.
D) None of these statements are false.
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Multiple Choice
A) Slightly less than one
B) About one
C) Slightly more than one
D) Two
E) Not at all
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Multiple Choice
A) Industry Y has a Herfindahl-Hirschman Index of 95.
B) Industry Y has an H-H-I of 100.
C) Industry Y has an H-H-I of 1,000.
D) Industry Y has an H-H-I of 2,738.
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Multiple Choice
A) A concentration ratio of 100 would mean that just one firm has 100% of that industry's sales.
B) No industry in the U.S.has a concentration ratio of 100.
C) Food services like McDonald's and Wendy's have a concentration ratio of less than 50.
D) The lower the concentration ratio, the higher the degree of oligopolization.
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Essay
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Multiple Choice
A) cartel
B) cut throat competitor
C) open collusion
D) price leadership
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Multiple Choice
A) An industry dominated by two or three large firms
B) An industry dominated by one large firm
C) An industry with a very low concentration ratio
D) An industry with many firms
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Multiple Choice
A) the theory depicts cutthroat competition.
B) according to the theory, firms are reluctant to raise or lower price.
C) according to the theory, if a firm raised its prices its competitors also would raise their prices.
D) the theory is associated with "sticky prices."
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