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Exam 7: Repeated Measures Designs

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Question 21

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Repeated measures designs are more sensitive than random groups designs because the systematic variation due to individual differences is _________ the statistical analyses.

A) eliminated from
B) added to
C) averaged into
D) a critical part of

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Question 22

Multiple Choice

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A researcher compares students' performance using a new learning strategy to their performance using the old strategy.Students' performance is first tested with the old strategy,followed by the new strategy.The results indicate that students perform better with the new strategy.These results

A) show that the order of the two learning strategies does not matter.
B) are uninterpretable due to the confounding with practice effects.
C) indicate that teachers should use the new strategy.
D) all of these

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Question 23

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Explain why ABBA counterbalancing would be ineffective in balancing practice effects in the complete repeated measures design when the practice effects involve an abrupt initial change followed by little change thereafter.

A health psychologist conducts an experiment to test the effectiveness of four techniques for helping a person to relax.The psychologist has a limited number of people available to participate in the experiment and each relaxation technique takes some time to complete.The psychologist has decided,therefore,to use the incomplete repeated measures design with all possible orders to balance practice effects.What is the minimum number of participants the psychologist will need for this experiment?

When selected orders of conditions (Latin Square or random starting order with rotation) are used to balance practice effects in the incomplete repeated measures design,

What are one advantage and one disadvantage of using all possible orders to balance practice effects in the incomplete repeated measures design?

When a participant in an experiment that involves the complete repeated measures design develops expectations about which condition should occur next in the sequence,the methodological problem that occurs is called

A student is considering doing a complete repeated measures design experiment involving motor skills.The student's advisor has told him that people show a large initial improvement on the task followed by slow steady improvement after this initial change.The student must choose a technique for balancing practice effects.Which technique should the student not use?

Cite two reasons why a researcher might choose to use a repeated measures design.

The need to balance practice effects in the repeated measures design is analogous to the need to balance ________ in the independent groups design.

In an independent groups design,a separate group of people serves as a control group.In the repeated measures design,

The problem of _____ in a repeated measures design occurs when the effects of a condition persist or carryover to affect performance in the subsequent conditions.

A psychologist wishes to have participants rate two different sets of inkblots (labeled A and B)for their "emotionality." The inkblots differ in their use of color.Ten inkblots in set A are created in shades of gray; ten inkblots in set B use shades of red,blue,and yellow.The psychologist hypothesizes that color will influence participants' ratings of emotionality.Each participant will rate all twenty inkblots. What is the independent variable in this experiment?

A marketing researcher wants to test the effectiveness of three different types of advertisement.Participants will respond to 50 examples of each type of advertisement so that the researcher can determine each person's preference.What type of design is this researcher using?

A sensitive experiment refers to the ability to detect the effect of the independent variable even if the effect is _________.

Provide brief answers to the following question regarding the repeated measures designs. What techniques are used in the complete and incomplete repeated measures designs to balance practice effects?

When using a repeated measures design,researchers must control the potential threat to internal validity referred to as

Counterbalancing is an important research technique because it is used to

A researcher plans to conduct a complete repeated measures design in which the independent variable is manipulated using four conditions that vary the level of violence depicted in a photograph (none,low,medium,high) .There are 10 photographs in each of the four conditions.Each participant will rate each photo once.If the researcher wishes to have 80 ratings for each photo,how many participants should the researcher recruit?