Question 1

Citizenship,fairness,and leadership are some of the positive personality traits of the human strength,identified by Seligman and Peterson,as

Accepted Answer

A)  justice.
B)  humanity.
C)  courage.
D)  temperance.

Question 2

An overly strict or harsh superego will cause

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing levels of primary process thinking.
B)  an antisocial personality.
C)  inhibition,rigidity,or unbearable guilt.
D)  a breakdown of the libido.

Question 3

According to humanistic psychologists,being authentic means

Accepted Answer

A)  that the person is incongruent.
B)  feeling that your behavior accurately expresses who you are.
C)  you can do whatever you want,including ignoring the feelings of others.
D)  you have experienced conditions of worth.

Question 4

You are using the narrative approach.Whatever possible self you choose to pursue,you are more likely to become what you imagine if you

Accepted Answer

A)  elaborate your story,making it more detailed and "real" as you gradually adopt new patterns.
B)  find a role model completely opposite of your personality to identify with and to imitate.
C)  remind yourself that this approach will dramatically change your personality traits,so be sure that you want to change.
D)  remind yourself to be patient since it will take at least two years before a significant change can be made in one's personality.

Question 5

According to Rogers,unshakable love and approval given without qualification is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  conditions of worth.
B)  self-actualization.
C)  overindulgence.
D)  unconditional positive regard.

Question 6

Aids to personal growth include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  accepting all information without distorting it to fit one's fears and desires
B)  being agreeable by conforming to the expectations of others
C)  emphasizing safety and security in one's choices
D)  doing all of these

Question 7

Which of the following was a contribution of Freudian developmental theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Freud was one of the first to propose that development proceeds through a series of stages.
B)  Freud believed that development varied from individual to individual due to learning and socialization.
C)  Freud emphasized that the key to a healthy personality was fixation.
D)  Because of its objective,scientific basis,Freud's theory can be used to predict future behavior.

Question 8

Carilyn would be described as unusually alive,engaged,and spontaneous.She values her solitude and is comfortable being alone.She has a wonderful capacity to laugh at herself,while a sunset or a beautiful flower can thrill her to the point of tears.According to humanistic psychologists,Carilyn

Accepted Answer

A)  received social reinforcement from her parents for these behaviors.
B)  is exhibiting an immature personality style.
C)  is exhibiting fixation at the phallic stage of development.
D)  is a self-actualizer.

Question 9

Psychoanalytic theory,the best-known psychodynamic approach,grew out of the work of

Accepted Answer

A)  Julian Rotter.
B)  Carl Rogers.
C)  Sigmund Freud.
D)  Abraham Maslow.

Question 10

Humanists emphasize immediate subjective experience rather than prior learning.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Humanistic theorists hold a negative,pessimistic view of our human nature.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following terms did Freud use very broadly to refer to many physical sources of pleasure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Eros and Thanatos
B)  psyche and ego ideal
C)  sex and erotic
D)  fixation and sublimation

Question 13

According to Freud,which of the following directs behavior by relating the desires of the id to external reality?

Accepted Answer

A)  ideal self
B)  superego
C)  ego
D)  libido

Question 14

According to Rogers,the natural,undistorted,full-body reaction to an experience that avoids the filtering and distortion of incongruence is called

Accepted Answer

A)  self-reinforcement.
B)  striving for superiority.
C)  self-actualization.
D)  organismic valuing.

Question 15

Researchers have found that people tend to be socially poised,confident,and resourceful when there is a close match between their

Accepted Answer

A)  self-image and ideal self.
B)  id and ego.
C)  ego ideal and conscience.
D)  psychosexual stages and psychosocial stages.

Question 16

A psychodynamic theorist would explain anxiety or depression in terms of hidden,or unconscious,thoughts,needs,and emotions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Freud theorized that the core of personality is formed before age six

Accepted Answer

A)  in a series of psychosexual stages.
B)  through social reinforcement.
C)  because of conditions of worth.
D)  through the development of instrumental behaviors.

Question 18

According to Rogers,when there is a large difference between one's ideal self and self­image,which of the following tends to suffer?

Accepted Answer

A)  self-esteem.
B)  conditions of worth.
C)  the conscience.
D)  the reflective self.

Question 19

According to Rogers,mirrors,photographs,video cameras,and the reactions of others hold both a fascination and threat for many people because they

Accepted Answer

A)  are inaccurate images of the persons we are,such as smiling on the outside,but crying on the inside.
B)  provide information about one's self.
C)  represent the possible selves in our lives,those we are and those we could be.
D)  allow the selfish and arrogant side of our personality to surface.

Question 20

Humanists reject the emphasis on instincts and unconscious forces found in the

Accepted Answer

A)  behaviorist theories.
B)  psychoanalytic theory.
C)  trait theories.
D)  social learning theories.

Exam 52: Personality: Psychoanalytic and Humanistic Theories

Carilyn would be described as unusually alive,engaged,and spontaneous.She values her solitude and is comfortable being alone.She has a wonderful capacity to laugh at herself,while a sunset or a beautiful flower can thrill her to the point of tears.According to humanistic psychologists,Carilyn

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Rogers,the natural,undistorted,full-body reaction to an experience that avoids the filtering and distortion of incongruence is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Citizenship,fairness,and leadership are some of the positive personality traits of the human strength,identified by Seligman and Peterson,as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Rogers,unshakable love and approval given without qualification is known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers have found that people tend to be socially poised,confident,and resourceful when there is a close match between their

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A psychodynamic theorist would explain anxiety or depression in terms of hidden,or unconscious,thoughts,needs,and emotions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Rogers,when there is a large difference between one's ideal self and self­image,which of the following tends to suffer?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are using the narrative approach.Whatever possible self you choose to pursue,you are more likely to become what you imagine if you

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An overly strict or harsh superego will cause

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Aids to personal growth include which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Humanists emphasize immediate subjective experience rather than prior learning.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Humanists reject the emphasis on instincts and unconscious forces found in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to humanistic psychologists,being authentic means

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following was a contribution of Freudian developmental theory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Rogers,mirrors,photographs,video cameras,and the reactions of others hold both a fascination and threat for many people because they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Freud theorized that the core of personality is formed before age six

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Freud,which of the following directs behavior by relating the desires of the id to external reality?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychoanalytic theory,the best-known psychodynamic approach,grew out of the work of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Humanistic theorists hold a negative,pessimistic view of our human nature.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following terms did Freud use very broadly to refer to many physical sources of pleasure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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According to Rogers,when there is a large difference between one's ideal self and selfimage,which of the following tends to suffer?

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