Question 1

Dr. Jones probably agrees with the ________ theory of psychology, since he contends that humans are intelligent species due to the fact that intelligence gives us an advantage in the natural world.

Accepted Answer

A)   psychoanalytic
B)   behavioral
C)   cognitive
D)   evolutionary

Question 2

Ken is planning on studying the influence of intelligence on the ability to recall events from the 1960s. If Ken does not account for variables such as age that could also influence one's ability to recall these events, age could be considered a(n)  __________________.

Accepted Answer

A)   random variable
B)   dependent variable
C)   confounding variable
D)   independent variable

Question 3

A confounding variable insures that there is a reliable effect of the independent on the dependent variable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

If an individual believed that why people think and feel as they do is more important than what they think and how they think, that individual would be a proponent of the ________approach to psychology.

Accepted Answer

A)   structuralist
B)   functionalist
C)   psychodynamic
D)   behaviorist

Question 5

Reliability refers to the _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   validity of data
B)   levels of data
C)   consistency of data
D)   measurement scales of data

Question 6

According to Freud, unconscious thoughts simply disappear in time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The primary duties of an academic psychologist are usually ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   psychotherapy and testing
B)   teaching and conducting research
C)   administration and consultation
D)   psychotherapy and teaching

Question 8

The phrase, "the whole is greater than sum of its parts," is most closely associated with which early school of psychology? Why does that phrase apply to that school of psychology?

Accepted Answer

Gestalt psychology. The Gestaltists focu...

Question 9

What's the major difference between experimental and control groups?

Accepted Answer

The control condition serves a...

Question 10

The science of psychology has its roots in the fields of ________ and ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   biology; chemistry
B)   biology; sociology
C)   philosophy; theology
D)   philosophy; physiology

Question 11

What is the difference between a reinforcement and a punishment?

Accepted Answer

A reinforcement strengthens th...

Question 12

How does contemporary evolutionary thought differ from earlier evolutionary theories?

Accepted Answer

Instead of proposing that evol...

Question 13

How might an academic psychologist's schedule at a large state university differ from one at a smaller college?

Accepted Answer

At a smaller college...

Question 14

The general curiosity about why people think, feel, and behave the way they do ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   primarily happened after World War II
B)   is about a century old
C)   is several centuries old
D)   has always probably been with us

Question 15

The school of behaviorism attempted to explain behavior by studying ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the reasons people give for their behaviors
B)   the specific personality traits that lead to behavior
C)   how a specific stimulus evokes a specific response
D)   the purposes of people's behavior

Question 16

Response bias refers to a tendency _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   in which participants are not chosen at random
B)   to respond in a particular way regardless of one's actual knowledge or beliefs
C)   to purposely mislead a researcher
D)   to purposely produce invalid data

Question 17

The structuralists were important in the history of psychology because they

Accepted Answer

A)   examined consciousness and the structure of mental processes.
B)   were the first to use brain-scanning techniques to learn about the structure of the brain.
C)   realized the limits of introspection and focused on the structure of behaviors.
D)   were strongly influenced by Charles Darwin.

Question 18

Define the term "scientific method" and describe what it allows psychologists to accomplish in principle.

Accepted Answer

Scientific method is a way to gather fac...

Question 19

Briefly contrast the early schools of psychology (structuralism, functionalism, and psychodynamic psychology) with behaviorism.

Accepted Answer

All of the early schools of psychology s...

Question 20

The philosopher John Locke stressed that all human knowledge arises from experience of the world and reflection about it.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 1: Introduction to the Science of Psychology: History and Research Methods

The philosopher John Locke stressed that all human knowledge arises from experience of the world and reflection about it.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Response bias refers to a tendency _____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A confounding variable insures that there is a reliable effect of the independent on the dependent variable.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The structuralists were important in the history of psychology because they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ken is planning on studying the influence of intelligence on the ability to recall events from the 1960s. If Ken does not account for variables such as age that could also influence one's ability to recall these events, age could be considered a(n) __________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Freud, unconscious thoughts simply disappear in time.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reliability refers to the _____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The science of psychology has its roots in the fields of ________ and ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The school of behaviorism attempted to explain behavior by studying ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If an individual believed that why people think and feel as they do is more important than what they think and how they think, that individual would be a proponent of the ________approach to psychology.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What's the major difference between experimental and control groups?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe control condition serves a...View AnswerShow Answer

How might an academic psychologist's schedule at a large state university differ from one at a smaller college?

Correct AnswerverifiedAt a smaller college...View AnswerShow Answer

Dr. Jones probably agrees with the ________ theory of psychology, since he contends that humans are intelligent species due to the fact that intelligence gives us an advantage in the natural world.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Briefly contrast the early schools of psychology (structuralism, functionalism, and psychodynamic psychology) with behaviorism.

Correct AnswerverifiedAll of the early schools of psychology s...View AnswerShow Answer

The general curiosity about why people think, feel, and behave the way they do ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the difference between a reinforcement and a punishment?

Correct AnswerverifiedA reinforcement strengthens th...View AnswerShow Answer

The phrase, "the whole is greater than sum of its parts," is most closely associated with which early school of psychology? Why does that phrase apply to that school of psychology?

Correct AnswerverifiedGestalt psychology. The Gestaltists focu...View AnswerShow Answer

Define the term "scientific method" and describe what it allows psychologists to accomplish in principle.

Correct AnswerverifiedScientific method is a way to gather fac...View AnswerShow Answer

The primary duties of an academic psychologist are usually ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does contemporary evolutionary thought differ from earlier evolutionary theories?

Correct AnswerverifiedInstead of proposing that evol...View AnswerShow Answer

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The science of psychology has its roots in the fields of and .

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The control condition serves a...
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At a smaller college...
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All of the early schools of psychology s...
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A reinforcement strengthens th...
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Correct Answer
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Gestalt psychology. The Gestaltists focu...
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Correct Answer
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Scientific method is a way to gather fac...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Instead of proposing that evol...
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