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Exam 3: Stoichiometry of Formulas and Equations

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Question 51

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Phosphorus pentachloride,PCl₅,a white solid that has a pungent,unpleasant odor,is used as a catalyst for certain organic reactions.Calculate the number of moles in 38.7 g of PCl₅.

A) 5.38 mol
B) 3.55 mol
C) 0.583 mol
D) 0.282 mol
E) 0.186 mol

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Question 52

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Hydroxylamine hydrochloride is a powerful reducing agent which is used as a polymerization catalyst.It contains 5.80 mass % H,20.16 mass % N,23.02 mass % O,and 51.02 mass % Cl.What is its empirical formula?

A) H₂N₇O₈Cl₁₈
B) H₂N₂O₂Cl
C) HN₃O₄Cl₉
D) H₄NOCl
E) H₄NOCl₂

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Question 53

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How many milliliters of 1.58 M HCl are needed to react completely with 23.2 g of NaHCO₃ ( = 84.02 g/mol) ? HCl(aq) + NaHCO₃(s) $\to$ NaCl(s) + H₂O(l) + CO₂(g)

Consider the balanced equation for the combustion of propane,C₃H₈ C₃H₈(g)+ 5O₂(g) $\to$ 3CO₂(g)+ 4H₂O(l) If propane reacts with oxygen as above, a.what is the limiting reagent in a mixture containing 5.00 g of C₃H₈ and 10.0 g of O₂? b.what mass of CO₂ is formed when 1.00 g of C₃H₈ reacts completely?

Tetraphosphorus hexaoxide ( = 219.9 g/mol) is formed by the reaction of phosphorus with oxygen gas. P₄(s) + 3O₂(g) $\to$ P₄O₆(s) If a mixture of 75.3 g of phosphorus and 38.7 g of oxygen produce 43.3 g of P₄O₆,what is the percent yield for the reaction?

Methanol (CH₄O) is converted to bromomethane (CH₃Br) as follows: CH₄O + HBr $\to$ CH₃Br + H₂O If 12.23 g of bromomethane are produced when 5.00 g of methanol is reacted with excess HBr,what is the percentage yield?

Consider the balanced equation: Al₂S₃(s)+ 6H₂O(l) $\to$ 2Al(OH)₃(s)+ 3H₂S(g) If 15.0g of aluminum sulfide and 10.0g of water are allowed to react as above,and assuming a complete reaction, a.by calculation,find out which is the limiting reagent. b.calculate the maximum mass of H₂S which can be formed from these reagents. c.calculate the mass of excess reagent remaining after the reaction is complete.

Household sugar,sucrose,has the molecular formula C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁.What is the % of carbon in sucrose,by mass?

In combustion analysis,the oxygen content of a substance is equal to the total oxygen in the CO₂ and H₂O collected in the absorbers.

Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate,CuSO₄·5H₂O,is used as a fungicide and algicide.Calculate the mass of oxygen in 1.000 mol of CuSO₄·5H₂O.