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______ are considered part of the federal debt.


A) Treasury bills
B) Future CPP-QPP benefits
C) Student loans,which may go into default
D) Potential liabilities of credit unions

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Proponents of Ricardian equivalence argue that the relevant decisionmaking unit is the:


A) individual.
B) household.
C) infinitely lived family.
D) community.

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According to the traditional view of government debt,a tax cut without a cut in government spending:


A) stimulates consumer spending and reduces national saving.
B) stimulates consumer spending and reduces private saving.
C) has no effect on consumer spending but reduces national saving.
D) has no effect on consumer spending but reduces private saving.

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Proponents of Ricardian equivalence argue that if taxes are cut without cutting government spending and taxes are not expected to increase in the future until after an individual expects to be dead,then the individual will:


A) spend all of the increase in income.
B) spend some of the increase in income and save the rest.
C) use the increase in income to buy government bonds to help finance the deficit.
D) save all of the increase in income and leave it as a bequest to his or her children.

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Using fiscal policy,including automatic stabilizers,to stabilize output over a business cycle is not consistent with:


A) rational expectations.
B) inflation targeting.
C) the natural-rate hypothesis.
D) a strict balanced-budget rule.

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Graphically illustrate the traditional view of the long-run impacts of a debt-financed tax cut on: a.saving,investment,and real interest rate using the classical model (Chapter 3),and b.steady-state capital per worker and output per worker using the Solow growth model.

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Graph (A)shows that in the long run th...

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Inflation-indexed government bonds have all of the following benefits except:


A) eliminating inflation.
B) reducing the government's incentive to produce surprise inflation.
C) encouraging financial innovation.
D) eliminating inflation risk.

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If the government levies a one-time temporary tax on the young and gives the proceeds to the elderly,and both generations follow the life-cycle consumption pattern and are altruistically linked:


A) both the young and the old will consume more.
B) there will be a net increase in overall consumption.
C) there will be a net decrease in overall consumption.
D) there will be no change in overall consumption.

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Indexed bonds produce all of the benefits except:


A) less inflation risk.
B) more financial innovation.
C) better government incentives.
D) lower rates of inflation.

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Monetary policy is linked to fiscal policy when government spending is financed by:


A) taxes.
B) borrowing from banks.
C) borrowing from foreigners.
D) printing money.

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Assume that the nominal interest rate is 11 percent,the inflation rate is 8 percent,and government debt at the beginning of the year equals $4 trillion.By how much is the government budget deficit overstated as a result of inflation?


A) $0.12 trillion
B) $0.32 trillion
C) $0.44 trillion
D) $0.80 trillion

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