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Research participants who received nasal drops laden with a cold virus were least likely to catch a cold if they had:


A) positive social ties.
B) type A personalities.
C) biofeedback.
D) an external locus of control.

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There's a dramatic increase in the likelihood of a person becoming ill or dying the year following the death of a spouse.Describe some of the specific biological and psychological processes that may contribute to this effect.

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Prolonged daily hassles such as unemployment and overcrowding are likely to promote:


A) reduced levels of cortisol.
B) increased levels of NK cells.
C) reduced levels of lymphocytes.
D) increased levels of oxytocin.

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An understanding of how stress affects our resistance to disease is the central focus of the field of:


A) biopsychology.
B) psychoneuroimmunology.
C) cognitive psychology.
D) behavioral psychology.

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Logan is an unsuccessful businessman who feels little satisfaction with life.To increase his subjective well-being,Logan should:


A) imagine what his own life might be like if he became rich and famous.
B) compare himself with friends who became rich and successful.
C) recall past moments when his life was much more pleasant than it is now.
D) think about what his life might be like if he were suffering from a fatal disease.

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Experts suggest that an intensely angry person should:


A) avoid talking about their angry feelings.
B) release the anger through some aggressive action or fantasy.
C) take time to let the anger and emotional arousal subside.
D) mentally rehearse the exact reasons for the anger.

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A Harvard School of Public Health research team studied 1306 initially healthy men over a 10-year period.They found that ________ were more than twice as likely as ________ to develop heart disease.


A) introverts;extraverts
B) married men;single men
C) Type B personalities;Type A personalities
D) pessimists;optimists

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A rapid progression from HIV infection to AIDS is ________ by stressful experiences and ________ by participation in bereavement support groups.


A) inhibited;inhibited
B) facilitated;facilitated
C) inhibited;facilitated
D) facilitated;inhibited

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Prisoners allowed to move their furniture and adjust their lighting feel less stress.This best illustrates the value of:


A) mindfulness.
B) aerobic exercise.
C) perceived control.
D) an external locus of control.

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Worn-out red blood cells and tiny harmful bacteria are ingested by an immune system agent known as the:


A) B lymphocyte.
B) macrophage.
C) oxytocin.
D) carcinogen.

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Rodents who experienced inescapable shocks were more prone to developing cancer if they had previously been exposed to:


A) natural killer cells.
B) T lymphocytes.
C) macrophages.
D) carcinogens.

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People's moment-to-moment positive moods tend to be highest near the ________ hours of their waking day and their moment-to-moment negative moods tend to be highest near the ________ hours of their waking day.


A) later;earlier
B) middle;later
C) later;middle
D) early;middle

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Attempting to alleviate stress directly by changing the stressor is known as:


A) mindfulness meditation.
B) biofeedback.
C) problem-focused coping.
D) the feel-good,do-good phenomenon.

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Primates at the top of the social pecking order are less likely to contract cold-like viral infections than those with lower social status.This best illustrates the value of:


A) problem-focused coping.
B) emotion-focused coping.
C) the faith factor.
D) perceived control.

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The passive resignation that accompanies an inability to avoid repeated aversive events is called:


A) an internal locus of control.
B) emotion-focused coping.
C) the adaptation-level phenomenon.
D) learned helplessness.

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For Type A individuals,exposure to stress is especially likely to inhibit organ activity,such as the ________ removing cholesterol and fat from the blood.


A) liver
B) thyroid gland
C) pancreas
D) adrenal glands

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The third pillar of positive psychology seeks to foster a positive:


A) social ecology.
B) emotional literacy.
C) happiness set point.
D) adaptation-level phenomenon.

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Friedman and Rosenman referred to relaxed and easygoing individuals as ________ personalities.


A) type A
B) type B
C) type C
D) type D

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Describe how someone with an external locus of control approaches a specific stressful situation.Identify how someone with an internal locus of control approaches a specific stressful situation.What are the consequences of these two different approaches for the two individuals described? What life experiences might have contributed to their external or internal approaches to their specific situations?

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Depression increases the risk of death,especially death from:


A) lupus.
B) multiple sclerosis.
C) coronary heart disease.
D) stomach cancer.

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