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Research on the use of addictive drugs indicates that


A) less than one-third of Americans who have ever smoked cigarettes have ever quit.
B) regular marijuana smokers typically need to take progressively larger doses to feel the same effect.
C) many people do voluntarily stop using addictive drugs without any treatment.
D) the majority of people who try cocaine become addicted within 10 years of first use.

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Epilepsy seizures may trigger sensations strikingly similar to


A) dehydration.
B) disinhibition.
C) the near-death experience.
D) heroin withdrawal.

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Prior to the twentieth century,psychology was considered to be the study of


A) observable behavior.
B) evolutionary change.
C) states of consciousness.
D) parallel processing.

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Under the influence of alcohol,angered people are ________ likely to be aggressive than they would otherwise be and restaurant patrons are ________ likely to tip generously than they otherwise would.


A) more;more
B) less;less
C) more;less
D) less;more

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Consciousness is defined as


A) the ability to solve problems,reason,and remember.
B) the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information.
C) effortless processing of incidental information into memory.
D) our awareness of ourselves and our environment.

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Which theory suggests that dreams are mental responses to random bursts of neural stimulation?


A) cognitive development theory
B) memory consolidation theory
C) activation-synthesis theory
D) wish-fulfillment theory

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Deep sleep is associated with the release of ________ that is (are) necessary for muscle development.


A) free radicals
B) leptin
C) retinal proteins
D) a human growth hormone

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Animals with the ________ need to graze and the ________ ability to hide from danger tend to sleep less.


A) most;most
B) least;least
C) most;least
D) least;most

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Felix can't remember the conversation he had with his girlfriend yesterday when he was intoxicated with alcohol.His memory failure is most likely a result of the way alcohol


A) increases self-consciousness.
B) reduces sensitivity to pain.
C) suppresses REM sleep.
D) increases sympathetic nervous system activity.

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The impact of circadian rhythms is best illustrated by


A) the differing musical preferences of younger and older persons.
B) fluctuations in energy level and alertness across the span of a day.
C) the different study habits of men and women.
D) the different personalities of people born during different months of the year.

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If heavy drinking follows a period of moderate drinking,people may poison themselves with an overdose because the moderate drinking


A) stimulates their secretion of serotonin.
B) reduces their body's level of free radicals.
C) depresses their vomiting response.
D) increases their inhibitions.

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The processing of many aspects of a problem simultaneously is called


A) the cocktail party effect.
B) the popout phenomenon.
C) parallel processing.
D) blindsight.

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The reemergence of psychology's concern with consciousness after 1960 is best illustrated by efforts to


A) define psychology as a behavioral science.
B) demonstrate that humans lack free will.
C) liken consciousness to a car's speedometer.
D) identify the brain activity associated with different mental states.

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According to Freud,the manifest content of a dream refers to the


A) hypnagogic sensations preceding a dream.
B) rapid eye movements during a dream.
C) remembered story line of a dream.
D) underlying meaning of a dream.

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Alcohol consumption is LEAST likely to make people more


A) fearful.
B) aggressive.
C) self-conscious.
D) sexually daring.

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Felix was so preoccupied with his girlfriend's good looks that he failed to perceive any of her less admirable characteristics.This best illustrates an unfortunate consequence of


A) sequential processing.
B) selective attention.
C) blindsight.
D) change blindness.

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The increased risk of car accidents for drivers talking on a cell phone


A) results primarily from the visual distraction of glancing at one's cell phone.
B) is no greater than the risk for drivers chatting with other passengers.
C) is no greater than the risks for drivers listening to a car radio.
D) is equally great for those using handheld and those using hands-free phones.

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As Inge recalled her dream,she was dancing with a tall,dark,and handsome gentleman when suddenly the music shifted to loud rock and the man disappeared.According to Freud,Inge's account represents the ________ content of her dream.


A) paradoxical
B) manifest
C) latent
D) hypnagogic

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Those with alcohol use disorder are likely to experience symptoms of ________ when alcohol use is suspended.


A) dehydration
B) withdrawal
C) disinhibition
D) hallucinations

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With the approach of night,our body temperature begins to drop.This best illustrates the dynamics of the


A) hypnagogic state.
B) circadian rhythm.
C) alpha wave pattern.
D) REM rebound.

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