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Exam 2: Research Methodology

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Question 1

Multiple Choice

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If you want to know how far apart scores in a data set tend to be,you could use the:

A) mean.
B) median.
C) mode.
D) standard deviation.

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Question 2

Multiple Choice

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If a participant always shows fast reaction times on a visual task not because she is good at the task but because she can hear the experimenter start the presentation and can get ready for the stimulus,her data will show a high level of:

A) validity.
B) reactivity.
C) selection bias.
D) systematic error.

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D

Question 3

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Investigators who are interested in gaining a lot of information about group attitudes quickly are likely to use what kind of research approach?

The precise way a researcher measures and defines a variable is known as the:

When a researcher collecting data does NOT know a study's hypothesis,the study is a ________ study.

Researchers are likely to choose a correlational design when:

If the difference between two groups is statistically significant,it suggests that:

Your text suggests that during psychology's history,animal models have been especially important in the area of:

Which of the following is closest to a perfect positive correlation?

In order to maximize the likelihood that experimental and control groups are similar before any treatment is begun,researchers typically use:

In what way are a scatterplot and a correlation coefficient similar?

One of the four main goals of science is description.The main goal of scientists addressing this goal is to describe:

Using correlational studies,psychologists have studied whether exposure to violence in the media leads to violent behavior.They have found that participants who have been exposed to more violence in the media are,in general,more violent.It is not clear from such research which one causes the other.The problem in interpreting these results involves:

In which of the following types of descriptive studies does a researcher remain separated from the situation and make no attempt to change it?

Researchers investigated whether mood affects participants' ratings of jokes.Participants in the first mood group read sad statements.In the second group,participants read neutral statements.In this study,the participants who read the sad statements constituted the:

Which of the following statements is true of theories in science?

The psychologist Robert Rosenthal told student researchers that some rats in a study would learn a task quickly and others would learn the task slowly.In reality,there was no difference in the rats' abilities to learn the task.When the students tested the rats,the animals' learning matched what the students were told.These results reflect the:

Which of the following types of studies allows the researcher to establish causality between an independent variable and a dependent variable?

Suppose a researcher intended to study people's levels of happiness by monitoring how often they smile or laugh when watching a movie.If this measurement does not really indicate level of happiness,psychologists would say that the data are NOT:

A(n) ________ is a specific,testable prediction about the result that,if the theory is correct,will support the theory.