Question 1

A descriptive technique of monitoring and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to change or control the situation is called

Accepted Answer

A)   random sampling.
B)   naturalistic observation.
C)   replication.
D)   the double-blind procedure.

Question 2

To test the potential effect of hunger on taste sensitivity,groups of research participants are deprived of food for differing lengths of time before they engage in a taste-sensitivity test.This research is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   correlational research.
B)   an experiment.
C)   survey research.
D)   naturalistic observation.

Question 3

Which of the following methods is most helpful for clarifying cause-effect relationships?

Accepted Answer

A)   the survey
B)   the experiment
C)   correlational research
D)   naturalistic observation

Question 4

Potential research participants are told enough about an upcoming study to enable them to choose whether they wish to participate.This illustrates the practice of seeking

Accepted Answer

A)   a representative sample.
B)   informed consent.
C)   an operational definition.
D)   a placebo effect.

Question 5

The use of ________ effectively equalizes the groups in an experimental design.

Accepted Answer

A)   a correlation coefficient
B)   random assignment
C)   a control group
D)   the scientific method

Question 6

Experimentation is more useful than correlational research for testing the claim that

Accepted Answer

A)   children who view a great deal of television violence are also likely to be unusually aggressive.
B)   people who exercise frequently are less likely to suffer from depression than infrequent exercisers.
C)   people's friendliness and feelings of happiness are increased by the consumption of alcohol.
D)   people who drink higher-than-average amounts of coffee are also likely to drink higher-than-average amounts of tea.

Question 7

Mike Crampton's stockbroker has informed him that he has suffered substantial investment losses.When Mike tells his wife,she angrily responds,"I could have told you that your investment plan would fail!" Her comment best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   hindsight bias.
B)   debriefing.
C)   the placebo effect.
D)   replication.

Question 8

Design an experiment to test whether playing violent video games influences childhood aggression.Be sure to specify your experimental hypothesis and identify your dependent and independent variables,as well as your experimental and control conditions.Identify any experimental procedures that would help to ensure the reliability of your research.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Design an experiment to test whether playing...

Question 9

Psychologists' personal values

Accepted Answer

A)   are carefully tested by means of observation and experimentation.
B)   lead them to avoid experiments involving human participants.
C)   can bias their observations and interpretations.
D)   have very little influence on the process of scientific observation.

Question 10

Dr.Branch would like to study the relationship between room lighting and college students' test performance.He randomly assigns college students to two groups.The first group takes an exam in a dimly lit room and the second group takes the same exam in a regularly lit room.What is the dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

A)   room lighting
B)   exam scores
C)   random assignment
D)   Dr.Branch

Question 11

Website polls and call-in phone surveys often yield unrepresentative results because they fail to use

Accepted Answer

A)   operational definitions.
B)   random sampling.
C)   scatterplots.
D)   double-blind procedures.

Question 12

Both the researchers and the participants in a memory study are ignorant about which participants have actually received a potentially memory-enhancing drug and which have received a placebo.This investigation involves the use of

Accepted Answer

A)   naturalistic observation.
B)   random sampling.
C)   the double-blind procedure.
D)   replication.

Question 13

Little Hans' extreme fear of horses was observed as part of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   experiment.
B)   survey.
C)   case study.
D)   double-blind procedure.

Question 14

If university graduates typically earn more money than high school graduates,this would indicate that level of education and income are

Accepted Answer

A)   positively correlated.
B)   independent variables.
C)   dependent variables.
D)   negatively correlated.

Question 15

Ethical principles developed by psychologists urge investigators to

Accepted Answer

A)   avoid the use of animals in experimental research.
B)   minimize the use of the double-blind procedure with human research participants.
C)   treat information about individual research participants confidentially.
D)   avoid the use of financial incentives in any kind of research.

Question 16

A statement describing how a researcher manipulates an independent variable is known as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   control condition.
B)   replication.
C)   operational definition.
D)   hypothesis.

Question 17

Stacey suggests that because children are more impulsive than adults,they will have more difficulty controlling their anger.Stacey's prediction regarding anger management is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   a hypothesis.
B)   informed consent.
C)   an operational definition.
D)   the placebo effect.

Question 18

The most effective way of assessing the impact of hormone replacement therapy on women's health is by means of

Accepted Answer

A)   case studies.
B)   experiments.
C)   correlational measurement.
D)   naturalistic observations.

Question 19

A researcher would be most likely to discover a positive correlation between

Accepted Answer

A)   intelligence and academic success.
B)   poverty and physical health.
C)   self-esteem and depression.
D)   school grades and school absences.

Question 20

Psychological theories help to

Accepted Answer

A)   organize scientific observations.
B)   explain observed facts.
C)   generate hypotheses.
D)   do all of these things.

Exam 2: Thinking Critically with Psychological Science

Psychologists' personal values

Correct Answer
verified

Website polls and call-in phone surveys often yield unrepresentative results because they fail to use

Correct Answer
verified

Mike Crampton's stockbroker has informed him that he has suffered substantial investment losses.When Mike tells his wife,she angrily responds,"I could have told you that your investment plan would fail!" Her comment best illustrates

Correct Answer
verified

A statement describing how a researcher manipulates an independent variable is known as a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

Stacey suggests that because children are more impulsive than adults,they will have more difficulty controlling their anger.Stacey's prediction regarding anger management is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

A descriptive technique of monitoring and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to change or control the situation is called

Correct Answer
verified

Little Hans' extreme fear of horses was observed as part of a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following methods is most helpful for clarifying cause-effect relationships?

Correct Answer
verified

If university graduates typically earn more money than high school graduates,this would indicate that level of education and income are

Correct Answer
verified

To test the potential effect of hunger on taste sensitivity,groups of research participants are deprived of food for differing lengths of time before they engage in a taste-sensitivity test.This research is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Experimentation is more useful than correlational research for testing the claim that

Correct Answer
verified

Ethical principles developed by psychologists urge investigators to

Correct Answer
verified

Potential research participants are told enough about an upcoming study to enable them to choose whether they wish to participate.This illustrates the practice of seeking

Correct Answer
verified

Both the researchers and the participants in a memory study are ignorant about which participants have actually received a potentially memory-enhancing drug and which have received a placebo.This investigation involves the use of

Correct Answer
verified

The most effective way of assessing the impact of hormone replacement therapy on women's health is by means of

Correct Answer
verified

A researcher would be most likely to discover a positive correlation between

Correct Answer
verified

The use of ________ effectively equalizes the groups in an experimental design.

Correct Answer
verified

Psychological theories help to

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 2: Thinking Critically with Psychological Science

Psychologists' personal values

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Website polls and call-in phone surveys often yield unrepresentative results because they fail to use

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mike Crampton's stockbroker has informed him that he has suffered substantial investment losses.When Mike tells his wife,she angrily responds,"I could have told you that your investment plan would fail!" Her comment best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A statement describing how a researcher manipulates an independent variable is known as a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Stacey suggests that because children are more impulsive than adults,they will have more difficulty controlling their anger.Stacey's prediction regarding anger management is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A descriptive technique of monitoring and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to change or control the situation is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Little Hans' extreme fear of horses was observed as part of a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following methods is most helpful for clarifying cause-effect relationships?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If university graduates typically earn more money than high school graduates,this would indicate that level of education and income are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To test the potential effect of hunger on taste sensitivity,groups of research participants are deprived of food for differing lengths of time before they engage in a taste-sensitivity test.This research is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Experimentation is more useful than correlational research for testing the claim that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ethical principles developed by psychologists urge investigators to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Potential research participants are told enough about an upcoming study to enable them to choose whether they wish to participate.This illustrates the practice of seeking

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Both the researchers and the participants in a memory study are ignorant about which participants have actually received a potentially memory-enhancing drug and which have received a placebo.This investigation involves the use of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most effective way of assessing the impact of hormone replacement therapy on women's health is by means of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher would be most likely to discover a positive correlation between

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The use of ________ effectively equalizes the groups in an experimental design.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychological theories help to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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