Question 1

An HIV client has been on an antiviral protease inhibitor for 2 months and recently complains of being hungry and thirsty and urinating more frequently.Knowing the adverse effects of protease inhibitors,the nurse should assess for:

Accepted Answer

A)  pancreatitis.
B)  kidney failure.
C)  hepatomegaly.
D)  hyperglycemia.

Question 2

The nurse states that the goal of HAART is:

Accepted Answer

A)  reduction of the plasma level of HIV to the lowest level possible.
B)  elimination of the virus from the lymph system.
C)  reduction of side effects seen with other HIV-AIDS drugs.
D)  elimination of the virus from the bloodstream.

Question 3

The preferred drug to be used in combination with zidovudine for perinatal transmission prevention is:

Accepted Answer

A)  ritonavir.
B)  lamivudine.
C)  tenofovir.
D)  didanosine.

Question 4

The client with AIDS asks the nurse why so many medications are prescribed.What is the best response by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

A)  "To decrease the possibility of the virus developing resistance to the medications."
B)  "Because the earlier we start multiple medications,the better for you."
C)  "To provide you with the most effective treatment for your illness."
D)  "Research has shown single medications to be ineffective."

Question 5

The nurse caring for a client who has been prescribed the antiretroviral medication emtricitabine explains that the advantages of this medication include:
Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  once-daily dosing.
B)  once-weekly dosing.
C)  fewer adverse effects.
D)  can be taken with concurrent HBV infection.
E)  safe for pregnant women with HIV.

Question 6

A client who is pregnant is taking ritonavir.When asking about the safety of this medication in pregnancy,the nurse informs the client that this drug is in pregnancy category:

Accepted Answer

A)  X.
B)  B.
C)  C.
D)  A.

Question 7

When discussing antiviral drug resistance with a client initiating pharmacotherapy,the nurse explains that most of the reasons for drug resistance in certain medicines are related to:

Accepted Answer

A)  the viral load.
B)  the lymphocyte count.
C)  the suppressor T cells.
D)  the mutations that can occur in the virus.

Question 8

The client asks the nurse how HIV is transmitted.The nurse explains that HIV is transmitted through:
Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  needlesticks.
B)  sexual activity.
C)  breast-feeding.
D)  casual contact.
E)  birth.

Question 9

Which regimen is part of protocol to reduce perinatal transmission of HIV?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intravenous zidovudine administered to the mother during the postpartum period
B)  Continuous infusion of zidovudine during labor.
C)  Intravenous zidovudine administered to the newborn for the first 3 days of life
D)  Oral zidovudine administered to the newborn for 12 weeks following delivery

Question 10

A client was recently given a prescription for enfuvirtide (Fuzeon) .What educational information should be in the teaching plan?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inject the drug into the same abdominal site area daily.
B)  Take this drug with vitamin D to help absorption.
C)  Some serious drug interactions could occur.
D)  Inject the drug subcutaneously twice daily.

Question 11

When providing client and family education for the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) drugs for HIV-AIDS,the nurse would include instructions to:

Accepted Answer

A)  Take the medicine with apple juice to decrease the bad taste.
B)  Take the medicine with orange juice to increase absorption.
C)  Take the medicine on an empty stomach.
D)  Take the medicine on a full stomach.

Question 12

The nurse is teaching a client about the goals of drug therapy for HIV-AIDS.Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching?

Accepted Answer

A)  A goal of pharmacotherapy is an increased life span."
B)  A goal of pharmacotherapy is curing the disease."
C)  Increased quality of life is a goal of pharmacotherapy."
D)  Reduced HIV RNA in the blood is a goal of pharmacotherapy."

Question 13

The nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client recently been diagnosed with HIV.The nurse knows the client has understood the instructions when he states that a goal of HIV pharmacotherapy is to:
Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  prevent HIV-related morbidity.
B)  prolong survival.
C)  restore and preserve immunologic function.
D)  increase viral load.
E)  eliminate the potential for transmission from mother to child in pregnant clients who have HIV infection.

Question 14

The client asks the nurse why there aren't better drugs for HIV infection when so much money is spent on research.What is the best response by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Developing new drugs is difficult because we still do not understand the virus."
B)  "Developing new drugs is difficult because we still do not have enough money."
C)  "Developing new drugs is difficult because the virus mutates so readily."
D)  "Developing new drugs is difficult because people think AIDS is a 'gay' disease."

Question 15

A client with HIV has been started on AZT as part of the pharmacotherapeutic regimen.What is appropriate for the nurse to teach the client who is on this medication?
Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  The appropriate use of condoms with sexual activity
B)  The importance of taking St.John's wort in conjunction with AZT
C)  The need to notify the health care provider if pregnancy occurs
D)  That breast-feeding is safe when taking this medication
E)  Not to discontinue the medication without notifying the health care provider

Question 16

When HIV progresses to AIDS,there is a gradual destruction of the immune system,measured by:

Accepted Answer

A)  decline in CD4 receptors.
B)  decline in CD4 lymphocytes.
C)  decline in platelet count.
D)  decline in red blood cells.

Question 17

An HIV-positive client questions the nurse about a vaccine for HIV.Which response by the nurse is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Scientists are far from developing a vaccine to prevent HIV."
B)  The HIV vaccines developed can prevent fatal consequences of the virus."
C)  Scientists currently have many HIV vaccines in clinical trials."
D)  Scientists are close to discovering a vaccine for HIV."

Question 18

Why is PEP initiated only if exposure was severe,and the source of fluid is known or strongly suspected to contain HIV?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cost and anxiety associated with taking the drugs are high.
B)  There is not enough research supporting this treatment.
C)  The cost of the drugs is high,and there are many ethical issues surrounding their use.
D)  The cost of the drugs is high,and there are many adverse effects.

Question 19

The nurse does health teaching with a client who has HIV who has been started on antiviral medications.The nurse recognizes teaching has been effective when the client makes which statement?

Accepted Answer

A)  "I will need to be on a high-calorie diet to enhance the effect of the medication."
B)  "I will still need to take precautions to avoid spreading the virus to others."
C)  "I will not be able to continue working at my high-stress job anymore."
D)  "I will need to limit my travel to avoid people with other infections."

Question 20

Which statement by the nurse is true in regard to the development of a vaccine to prevent HIV?

Accepted Answer

A)  HIV has a low number of genetic variants.
B)  HIV has such a slow replication rate.
C)  HIV has an extremely rapid replication rate.
D)  There is a low mutation rate.

Exam 55: Pharmacotherapy of Hiv-Aids

When providing client and family education for the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) drugs for HIV-AIDS,the nurse would include instructions to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client recently been diagnosed with HIV.The nurse knows the client has understood the instructions when he states that a goal of HIV pharmacotherapy is to: Select all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A client was recently given a prescription for enfuvirtide (Fuzeon) .What educational information should be in the teaching plan?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which regimen is part of protocol to reduce perinatal transmission of HIV?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The client with AIDS asks the nurse why so many medications are prescribed.What is the best response by the nurse?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is PEP initiated only if exposure was severe,and the source of fluid is known or strongly suspected to contain HIV?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The client asks the nurse why there aren't better drugs for HIV infection when so much money is spent on research.What is the best response by the nurse?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement by the nurse is true in regard to the development of a vaccine to prevent HIV?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A client who is pregnant is taking ritonavir.When asking about the safety of this medication in pregnancy,the nurse informs the client that this drug is in pregnancy category:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An HIV-positive client questions the nurse about a vaccine for HIV.Which response by the nurse is most accurate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The nurse states that the goal of HAART is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The nurse caring for a client who has been prescribed the antiretroviral medication emtricitabine explains that the advantages of this medication include: Select all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A client with HIV has been started on AZT as part of the pharmacotherapeutic regimen.What is appropriate for the nurse to teach the client who is on this medication? Select all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The nurse does health teaching with a client who has HIV who has been started on antiviral medications.The nurse recognizes teaching has been effective when the client makes which statement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The nurse is teaching a client about the goals of drug therapy for HIV-AIDS.Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The preferred drug to be used in combination with zidovudine for perinatal transmission prevention is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The client asks the nurse how HIV is transmitted.The nurse explains that HIV is transmitted through: Select all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When HIV progresses to AIDS,there is a gradual destruction of the immune system,measured by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When discussing antiviral drug resistance with a client initiating pharmacotherapy,the nurse explains that most of the reasons for drug resistance in certain medicines are related to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An HIV client has been on an antiviral protease inhibitor for 2 months and recently complains of being hungry and thirsty and urinating more frequently.Knowing the adverse effects of protease inhibitors,the nurse should assess for:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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