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Professor Kruger grades students' papers with a red pen. Professor Myer grades students' papers with a blue pen. Assuming the quality of students' papers in their classes is the same, one would expect that


A) Prof. Kruger's students will work more diligently on their papers
B) Prof. Kruger will find more mistakes on students' papers
C) Prof. Meyer's students will be less likely to read the comments on their papers
D) Prof. Meyer's students will have worse writing skills than Prof. Kruger's students

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Loretta loves her parents. She also loves her boyfriend, Dion. But her parents don't approve of Dion. Which triad of attitudes best reflects this scenario? (assume Loretta is in the lower left corner)


A) Loretta loves her parents. She also loves her boyfriend, Dion. But her parents don't approve of Dion. Which triad of attitudes best reflects this scenario? (assume Loretta is in the lower left corner)   A)   B)   C)   D)   E)
B) Loretta loves her parents. She also loves her boyfriend, Dion. But her parents don't approve of Dion. Which triad of attitudes best reflects this scenario? (assume Loretta is in the lower left corner)   A)   B)   C)   D)   E)
C) Loretta loves her parents. She also loves her boyfriend, Dion. But her parents don't approve of Dion. Which triad of attitudes best reflects this scenario? (assume Loretta is in the lower left corner)   A)   B)   C)   D)   E)
D) Loretta loves her parents. She also loves her boyfriend, Dion. But her parents don't approve of Dion. Which triad of attitudes best reflects this scenario? (assume Loretta is in the lower left corner)   A)   B)   C)   D)   E)
E) Loretta loves her parents. She also loves her boyfriend, Dion. But her parents don't approve of Dion. Which triad of attitudes best reflects this scenario? (assume Loretta is in the lower left corner)   A)   B)   C)   D)   E)

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Pete has an authoritarian personality. Tom has a dogmatic personality. Larry is a social vigilante. Which of these people is most likely to think his beliefs are superior to others' beliefs, impress his beliefs onto others, argue more, AND be more resistant to persuasion?


A) Pete.
B) Tom.
C) Larry.

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Hanisch examined whether fragrances could reduce arachnophobia (fear of spiders) among females. The results revealed that


A) an unpleasant fragrance reduced fear the most
B) a pleasant fragrance reduced fear the most
C) the no-fragrance condition reduced fear the most
D) no significant differences were attributable to fragrances

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Which of the following is not appropriate advice for enhancing credibility?


A) Cite your own or your source's qualifications and expertise up front
B) Attempt to build trust by demonstrating that you are sincere
C) Improve your likeability, or L-factor
D) Engage in a powerless style of communication

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Babbs, an impressionable 16-year-old, sees a movie in which her favorite actress has a tattoo of a seahorse on her lower leg. Babbs decides she, too, will get such a tattoo. Her behavior illustrates that


A) movies export values around the globe
B) movies foster or perpetuate stereotypes
C) movies model risky, unsafe behavior
D) movies promote popular culture

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Which of the following influence scenarios represents persuasion through symbolic action?


A) Art sees a picture of a malnourished African child in his local newspaper and decides to donate $100 to an international charity organization.
B) A human resource executive decides not to hire a particular job candidate after learning of her criminal history.
C) Participants in a social scientific study rate a taller speaker as more credible than a shorter speaker even though the two speakers delivered speeches of the same quality.
D) A passer-by observes a protest march by members of People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) and afterwards decides to volunteer to help at the local animal shelter.

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Bjorn has decided to join a fraternity, but before he gets in, he has to go through an initiation. During the initiation he has to endure all sorts of pain and humiliation. Based on this account, which of the following is most likely to occur?


A) Bjorn will join the fraternity but hate it.
B) Bjorn will refuse to be a member of the fraternity.
C) Bjorn will join the fraternity and feel more committed to it than he would have without the initiation.
D) Bjorn will be influenced by informational but not normative factors.

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Instead of straightforwardly informing Cameron that he is fired, Darin explains that the company is down-sizing its personnel. This is an example of


A) the power of labeling.
B) vividness.
C) language intensity.
D) doublespeak.

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To the extent that self-help audio tapes do bring about changes in people, it is probably because


A) they use very faint messages
B) they use very high-pitched messages
C) of the reaffirming content of the messages
D) of the placebo effect
E) of the mere exposure hypothesis

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The Unimodel postulates that there is one route to persuasion whereby


A) systematic processing overrides heuristic processing
B) there is less cognitive elaboration
C) decision rules are the main components
D) there is simply more or less processing

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Which statement best describes the doctrine of "Socialist Realism"?


A) Art is created for art's sake
B) Art sometimes imitates life, life sometimes imitates art
C) Art must be representational rather than impressionistic
D) Art is subordinate to the goals of the state

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All of the strategies below have been shown to be effective except


A) shock advertising
B) image-oriented advertising
C) anti-ads or subvertising
D) NLP

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Daniel O'Keefe (2002) defines persuasion as "a successful intentional effort at influencing another's mental state through communication in a circumstance in which the persuadee has some measure of freedom." His definition presumes that:


A) persuasion may be accidental
B) persuasion must be effective
C) persuasion must be ethical
D) self-persuasion is common

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Which theory or model states that messages that fall within a listener's latitude of acceptance will be assimilated and perceived as closer to the listener's position than the message actually is?


A) Reinforcement Expectancy Theory
B) Elaboration Likelihood Model
C) Theory of Reasoned Action
D) Social Judgment Theory

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Generally, research on argument order suggests that when organizing a speech, ________ is your best strategy for being the most persuasive.


A) putting your strongest argument either first or last
B) putting your strongest argument last
C) putting your strongest argument first
D) putting your strongest argument in the middle

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The fact that people working in a group do not expend as much effort as they do when working alone is known as


A) conformity.
B) deindividuation.
C) social loafing.
D) group polarization.

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According to the Theory of Reasoned Action, the single best predictor of a person's behavior is


A) the person's attitude towards the behavior
B) the person's intention(s) regarding the behavior
C) the person's normative beliefs about the behavior
D) the person's evaluation about the result of the behavior

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Which of the following is the best example of asynchronous persuasion?


A) A teenager asks her parents to purchase concert tickets for her sixteenth birthday
B) A television commercial claims that a juicer is three times more durable than its competitors
C) A salesperson in the fragrance department encourages you to try a new perfume
D) The cashier at a department store asks if you would like to donate to a charity

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Finding additional reasons for a bad decision, or providing rationalizations for a risky decision, involve


A) denial
B) bolstering
C) differentiation
D) fortifying
E) romanticizing

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