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Exam 1: An Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

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Question 21

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According to the first chapter in your textbook,research in cognitive neuroscience

A) shows that most cognitive processes can be traced to a specific location in the brain.
B) often obtains brain images while people are working on a cognitive task.
C) is currently most likely to explore cognitive processes by using the brain-lesion method.
D) has declined in its popularity during the past 10-15 years.

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Question 22

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An important feature of cognitive science is that it emphasizes

A) individual differences in cognition.
B) an interdisciplinary approach.
C) that all mental processes should be explained in biological terms.
D) that researchers should focus on personality characteristics.

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Question 23

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If a study has high ecological validity,then the most likely conclusion is that

In contrast to Hermann Ebbinghaus,William James was more likely to focus on

Suppose that you hear about a research project in linguistics that is exploring the topic called discourse.Which of the following would be the most likely topic for this research?

Suppose that you meet a professor who is trying to determine what portions of the brain are involved in trying to recall a word that is on the tip of your tongue.This person is likely to use the approach of

Which of the following women was an early researcher in memory who reported the recency effect and also became the first female president of the American Psychological Association?

Suppose that you want to see whether the human brain responds differently when a person reads a pleasant word,rather than an unpleasant word.Which of the following neuroscience techniques would provide the most useful information about processing these two kinds of words?

According to Chapter 1 in your textbook,the computer-simulation method

One of the characteristics of the human brain that is especially important in the connectionist approach is that the brain

Which term or phrase is closest in meaning to the term "cognition"?

Which of the following students provides the best understanding of the PET scan technique?

During the late 1960s,psychologists began to favor the cognitive approach,because they felt that the behaviorist approach

Prior to 1995,cognitive psychologists tended to focus strongly on understanding

During the 1950s,many psychologists were becoming discouraged with behaviorism,and cognitive psychology began to emerge.A major reason they were disappointed with behaviorism is that

Chris just telephoned Roberta and listed eight items that they need for the afternoon picnic.Roberta didn't have a pencil,so she couldn't write them down.However,she remembers the last three items very well because of

Suppose that several cognitive scientists are trying to program a computer so that it solves a particular problem in the same way a human does,taking into account that a human may make a few false starts before successfully solving the problem.This approach is called

A psychologist who favors the Gestalt approach would be most likely to criticize the fact that behaviorists

With practice and reinforcement,a rat learns to navigate a maze.A behaviorist would operationalize the rat's "learning" as

When researchers use the introspection technique,