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A correlation tells us:


A) whether a cause-effect relationship exists.
B) whether two variables are related
C) whether or not a test is efficient.
D) if people are responding to demand characteristics.

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Freud's theories differed radically from the views of his predecessors because of __________.


A) its extensive use of laboratory research to support its claims
B) the emphasis it placed on Eastern philosophies and culture
C) the emphasis it placed on unconscious processes
D) its emphasis on environmental learning as the source for most personality characteristics

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A researcher wished to study the relationship between high school grades and college grades.Of the following research methods,which would be the most appropriate?


A) case study
B) correlation
C) experiment
D) survey

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For Freud,much of our behavior is controlled by __________.


A) unconscious desires
B) environmental stimuli
C) mental Gestalts
D) mental associations

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Which one of the following psychologists was responsible for originating the behavioral school of psychology?


A) Pavlov
B) Watson
C) Skinner
D) Rayner

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The psychologist John Watson is associated with the _______ school of psychology and argued that psychology must concern itself only with ________.


A) behavioral;behavior
B) behavioral;mental processes
C) cognitive;thought and action
D) cognitive;behavior

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One of the main reasons for using a laboratory for psychological research is to:


A) prevent subjects from escaping.
B) study behavior in a natural setting.
C) do large-scale studies.
D) allow the researchers to control certain factors.

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The school of thought that became known as behaviorism was founded by __________.


A) Watson
B) Titchener
C) James
D) Wundt

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A large group of people whom you want to know about is called a __________.


A) control group
B) treatment group
C) population
D) sample

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A research method in which the real-life behavior of a pre-selected person or a group is studied at an in-depth level for some time through the use of observation,interviews,and writings (such as letters) is the _____________ method of research.


A) survey
B) psychometric
C) case study
D) naturalistic observation

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The method of psychological research which utilizes a control group,a dependent variable,and an independent variable is


A) the experiment.
B) the survey.
C) the case study.
D) naturalistic observation.

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The founder of behaviorism is:


A) James.
B) Skinner.
C) Watson.
D) Wundt.

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In a controlled experiment,the group subjected to a change in the independent variable is called the __________ group.


A) independent
B) experimental
C) dependent
D) control

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As part of an assignment,Rick's class was asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire on female sexual harassment.Which research method was Rick's professor using?


A) field experiment
B) survey
C) naturalistic observation
D) laboratory experiment

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In an experiment to test the effects of anxiety on performance,the dependent variable is the __________.


A) amount of anxiety
B) age of the person
C) person's performance
D) cause of the anxiety

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Experimenter bias can best be controlled using ________.


A) a placebo
B) double-blind control
C) randomization
D) subjects who do not know the purpose of the study

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To obtain objective information,researchers sometimes must deceive their subjects.Ethically,research involving deception must always _________.


A) pay participants
B) maintain subject anonymity
C) use double-blind control
D) explain the deception to the subjects after the data are collected and obtain their informed consent to use the information obtained

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As part of an assignment,Bill's class was asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire on prejudice.Which research method was Bill's professor using?


A) field experiment
B) survey
C) naturalistic observation
D) laboratory experiment

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A researcher tests the hypothesis that students who study in the room where they take their tests will perform better on the tests than students who study in other rooms.She requires one group to study in the classroom where the exam is given and another group to study in the library.All students take the test in the classroom,and their test performance is compared.In this example,where students study is the:


A) independent variable.
B) dependent variable.
C) manipulation.
D) hypothesis.

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Studying the elements of sensations,feelings,and images is most directly associated with which school of psychology?


A) structuralism
B) functionalism
C) behaviorism
D) humanism

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