Question 1

Match each term with its description.
-perfusion

Accepted Answer

A)  flow of blood (or body fluids)  on the internal side of the respiratory surface
B)  gas exchange between the blood and body tissue cells
C)  general term used to describe an animal's exchange of gases with the respiratory medium
D)  specifically describes the release of air from the lungs to the atmosphere
E)  flow of the respiratory medium over the external side of the respiratory surfaceF) occurs due to the expansion of the lungs and thoracic cavityG) exchange of gases between the respiratory medium and the blood (or internal body fluids)

Question 2

Which event occurs in lung blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  Plasma HCO3- enters erythrocytes.
B)  In erythrocytes, carbonic anhydrase converts CO2 and H2O into HCO3- and H+.
C)  Free H+ binds to hemoglobin.
D)  CO2 binds to hemoglobin.

Question 3

What is a disadvantage of air as a respiratory medium?

Accepted Answer

A)  Air is 1000 times less dense than water.
B)  Air requires less energy to ventilate over the respiratory surface.
C)  Air evaporates water from the respiratory surface.
D)  Air contains 30 times as much O2 as water.

Question 4

Which animals use positive pressure breathing to ventilate their lungs?

Accepted Answer

A)  reptiles
B)  birds
C)  dogs
D)  frogs

Question 5

In which animal would perfusion be least efficient during gas exchange?

Accepted Answer

A)  a fish
B)  a bird
C)  a flatworm
D)  a human

Question 6

Which of the following is involved in both cellular respiration and physiological respiration in humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  the respiratory surface
B)  the circulatory system
C)  mitochondria
D)  the respiratory medium

Question 7

A larynx is found at the beginning of each insect trachea.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What is the name of the primary muscle involved in human breathing?

Accepted Answer

A)  the diaphragm
B)  the internal intercostals
C)  the external intercostals
D)  the abdominal wall muscles

Question 9

Match each term with its description.
-ventilation

Accepted Answer

A)  flow of blood (or body fluids)  on the internal side of the respiratory surface
B)  gas exchange between the blood and body tissue cells
C)  general term used to describe an animal's exchange of gases with the respiratory medium
D)  specifically describes the release of air from the lungs to the atmosphere
E)  flow of the respiratory medium over the external side of the respiratory surfaceF) occurs due to the expansion of the lungs and thoracic cavityG) exchange of gases between the respiratory medium and the blood (or internal body fluids)

Question 10

Blood O2 levels have the greatest influence on mammalian breathing rate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

What is the function of carbonic anhydrase?

Accepted Answer

A)  to speed up the rate at which CO2 binds to hemoglobin
B)  to speed up the rate at which CO2 binds to O2
C)  to speed up the conversion of CO2 and H2O into HCO3- and H+
D)  to speed up the conversion of HCO3- and O- into CO2 and H2O

Question 12

Why is proper ventilation important for a respiring animal?

Accepted Answer

A)  It directly increases gas exchange between the blood and cells.
B)  It maintains blood circulation within the body of an animal.
C)  It maintains proper O2 and CO2 levels on the internal side of the respiratory surface so that diffusion across it can be maintained.
D)  It maintains proper O2 and CO2 levels on the external side of the respiratory surface so that diffusion across it can be maintained.

Question 13

Which of the following respiratory surfaces lack physical protection from the external environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  internal gills
B)  lungs
C)  tracheal system tubes
D)  external gills

Question 14

Which chemical has the least influence on the regulation of breathing rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  chemical O2
B)  chemical N2
C)  chemical H
D)  chemical CO2

Question 15

Which lung volume keeps the lungs from completely deflating, even after a maximal exhalation?

Accepted Answer

A)  vital capacity
B)  total capacity
C)  residual volume
D)  tidal volume

Question 16

How is most O2 transported in the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  bound to hemoglobin
B)  as gas
C)  dissolved in the plasma
D)  as bicarbonate ions

Question 17

Match each term with its description.
-exhalation

Accepted Answer

A)  flow of blood (or body fluids)  on the internal side of the respiratory surface
B)  gas exchange between the blood and body tissue cells
C)  general term used to describe an animal's exchange of gases with the respiratory medium
D)  specifically describes the release of air from the lungs to the atmosphere
E)  flow of the respiratory medium over the external side of the respiratory surfaceF) occurs due to the expansion of the lungs and thoracic cavityG) exchange of gases between the respiratory medium and the blood (or internal body fluids)

Question 18

What happens to the chest cavity and air pressure in the lungs during exhalation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The chest cavity increases, and air pressure decreases.
B)  The chest cavity increases, and air pressure also increases.
C)  The chest cavity decreases, and air pressure increases.
D)  The chest cavity decreases, and air pressure also decreases.

Question 19

How much of O2 from water flowing over gills is extracted by countercurrent exchange?

Accepted Answer

A)  50 to 60%
B)  60 to 70%
C)  80 to 90%
D)  90 to 100%

Question 20

Which airway structure acts as the "windpipe"?

Accepted Answer

A)  the bronchus
B)  the bronchiole
C)  the larynx
D)  the trachea

Exam 49: Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Which airway structure acts as the "windpipe"?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is a disadvantage of air as a respiratory medium?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A larynx is found at the beginning of each insect trachea.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is involved in both cellular respiration and physiological respiration in humans?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match each term with its description. -exhalation

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which animal would perfusion be least efficient during gas exchange?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Blood O2 levels have the greatest influence on mammalian breathing rate.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the name of the primary muscle involved in human breathing?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is proper ventilation important for a respiring animal?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which lung volume keeps the lungs from completely deflating, even after a maximal exhalation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match each term with its description. -ventilation

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match each term with its description. -perfusion

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How much of O2 from water flowing over gills is extracted by countercurrent exchange?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which animals use positive pressure breathing to ventilate their lungs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which chemical has the least influence on the regulation of breathing rate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which event occurs in lung blood?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the function of carbonic anhydrase?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How is most O2 transported in the blood?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following respiratory surfaces lack physical protection from the external environment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What happens to the chest cavity and air pressure in the lungs during exhalation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Blood O₂ levels have the greatest influence on mammalian breathing rate.

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How much of O₂ from water flowing over gills is extracted by countercurrent exchange?

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How is most O₂ transported in the blood?

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