Question 1

Which statement BEST represents developmentalists' view of emotions and cognitions?

Accepted Answer

A)   Emotion is a part of cognition.
B)   Cognition is a part of emotion.
C)   Emotion usually occurs before cognition.
D)   Emotion and cognition are entirely separate; they typically occur independently.

Question 2

In terms of emotional regulation, as they get older, children:

Accepted Answer

A)   are better able to select appropriate strategies.
B)   rely on their parents more.
C)   use behavioural strategies to a greater extent.
D)   do all of these things.

Question 3

Recent theorists have proposed that infant temperament is captured by several dimensions. Which of these items is NOT one of those dimensions?

Accepted Answer

A)   difficulty level
B)   rhythmicity
C)   irritable distress
D)   positive affect

Question 4

Which statement would MOST likely be made by a theorist who takes a functionalist approach to understanding emotional development?

Accepted Answer

A)   The purpose of anger is to initiate movement to eliminate an obstacle to one's goal.
B)   Developmental changes in the experience of joy/pleasure are due to accumulating social experiences.
C)   Distinct emotions are innate and present from early in life.
D)   There is a direct link between the inner emotional state of fear and the facial expression that accompanies it. A

Question 5

Which theorist focuses on infants' accumulating social interaction and their expanding ability to understand their experiences as the explanation for the developmental change from primitive to more advanced forms of emotion during the early years of life?

Accepted Answer

A)   Alan Sroufe
B)   Joseph Campos
C)   Carroll Izard
D)   Charles Darwin

Question 6

The differences in the responses of Japanese and American preschoolers when they were asked what they would do if they were hit or saw another child knocking down their block tower may be related to the higher value American culture places on:

Accepted Answer

A)   interdependence.
B)   self-assertion.
C)   maintaining harmonious interpersonal relationships.
D)   emotional control.

Question 7

If a child is shy at school, what is MOST likely to help him or her adjust socioemotionally in Grade 1?

Accepted Answer

A)   having an easygoing temperament
B)   having siblings who are outgoing
C)   having a close relationship with a teacher
D)   having a close relationship with a peer

Question 8

Discrete emotions theory holds that:

Accepted Answer

A)   the basic emotions are innate and distinct from early in life.
B)   emotional facial expressions must be learned.
C)   a select few emotions are present at birth, and the others are a function of experience.
D)   children must learn to fear strangers. A

Question 9

At what age does the rate of a depression for females become higher than the rate of depression in males?

Accepted Answer

A)   12
B)   15
C)   19
D)   21

Question 10

Children's decreased reliance on parents for help with emotional regulation as they get older reflects:

Accepted Answer

A)   their increased ability to negotiate ways to resolve situations.
B)   increasing maturation of neurological systems.
C)   changes in adults' expectations of them.
D)   All of the answers are correct.

Question 11

The gender difference in _____ is NOT an important contributor to the difference in rates of depression in adolescent females and males.

Accepted Answer

A)   academic achievement
B)   likelihood of rumination
C)   concern with physical appearance
D)   difficulty with the biological changes of adolescence

Question 12

Of these children, who is LEAST likely to experience separation anxiety in the situation described?

Accepted Answer

A)   8-month-old Gianna is placed in a car seat by her parent who then disappears from her view
B)   13-month-old Nolan walks away from his parent into another room
C)   18-month-old Evan is playing on the floor when his parent leaves the room
D)   15-month-old Cecile is placed into her crib by her parent who then leaves the room

Question 13

Which condition is NOT a characteristic of difficult babies, as classified by Thomas and Chess?

Accepted Answer

A)   irregular body functions
B)   difficult at first but became easier with time
C)   slow to adjust to new situations
D)   intensely emotional

Question 14

The study by Judy Dunn discussed in the text demonstrated that discussions of emotions with family members at ages 2 and 3 were associated at age 6 with:

Accepted Answer

A)   understanding of others' emotions.
B)   worrying and anxiety.
C)   secure attachment.
D)   emotional intensity.

Question 15

Emotional self-regulation includes all of these activities EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)   eliminating subjective negative feelings.
B)   modulating one's interpretation of evocative situations.
C)   appropriately inhibiting facial expressions related to one's feelings.
D)   initiating actions related to one's feelings.

Question 16

Baby Rachel sucks her thumb and rubs the ribbons in her baby doll's hair in response to fear-provoking situations. Baby Rachel is engaging in:

Accepted Answer

A)   gaze aversion.
B)   self-soothing.
C)   emotional restriction.
D)   mental distraction.

Question 17

Higher levels of cortisol are:

Accepted Answer

A)   associated with lower levels of depression.
B)   associated with extreme fearful responses.
C)   associated with easy temperamental characteristics.
D)   typically caused by maltreatment. B

Question 18

Children who exhibit _____ are LEAST likely to be socially competent.

Accepted Answer

A)   control of emotions
B)   planning of strategies to resolve upsetting situations
C)   avoidance of stressful situations altogether
D)   delay of gratification

Question 19

_____ decreases the likelihood that an infant will experience separation anxiety in a particular situation.

Accepted Answer

A)   Being between the ages of 11 and 13 months
B)   Crawling away from a parent (rather than the parent departing) 
C)   Living in a non-Western culture
D)   All of these

Question 20

Part of the definition of temperament is that individual differences are:

Accepted Answer

A)   entirely genetic.
B)   biologically based.
C)   environmentally based.
D)   unrelated to genetics.

Exam 10: Section 2: Emotional Development

Which statement BEST represents developmentalists' view of emotions and cognitions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In terms of emotional regulation, as they get older, children:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Recent theorists have proposed that infant temperament is captured by several dimensions. Which of these items is NOT one of those dimensions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement would MOST likely be made by a theorist who takes a functionalist approach to understanding emotional development?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Which theorist focuses on infants' accumulating social interaction and their expanding ability to understand their experiences as the explanation for the developmental change from primitive to more advanced forms of emotion during the early years of life?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The differences in the responses of Japanese and American preschoolers when they were asked what they would do if they were hit or saw another child knocking down their block tower may be related to the higher value American culture places on:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a child is shy at school, what is MOST likely to help him or her adjust socioemotionally in Grade 1?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discrete emotions theory holds that:

Correct AnswerverifiedA

At what age does the rate of a depression for females become higher than the rate of depression in males?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Children's decreased reliance on parents for help with emotional regulation as they get older reflects:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The gender difference in _____ is NOT an important contributor to the difference in rates of depression in adolescent females and males.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of these children, who is LEAST likely to experience separation anxiety in the situation described?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which condition is NOT a characteristic of difficult babies, as classified by Thomas and Chess?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The study by Judy Dunn discussed in the text demonstrated that discussions of emotions with family members at ages 2 and 3 were associated at age 6 with:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Emotional self-regulation includes all of these activities EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Baby Rachel sucks her thumb and rubs the ribbons in her baby doll's hair in response to fear-provoking situations. Baby Rachel is engaging in:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Higher levels of cortisol are:

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Children who exhibit _____ are LEAST likely to be socially competent.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ decreases the likelihood that an infant will experience separation anxiety in a particular situation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Part of the definition of temperament is that individual differences are:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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B

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