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Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the medical term exophthalmos?


A) It breaks into ex (out) + opthalmos (eye) .
B) It is a condition related to the thyroid.
C) It is a condition where the pituitary gland causes excess secretions behind the eye, causing them to protrude out of the socket.
D) It refers to the protrusion of the eyes out of the eye socket.
E) None of these are true statements.

Correct Answer

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Translate the medical term hypoglycemic as literally as possible.


A) Condition of low blood sugar
B) Condition of low sugar
C) Disease with low blood count
D) Pertaining to low blood sugar
E) Pertaining to low sugar

Correct Answer

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Translate the medical term thyroidotoxin as literally as possible.


A) "Thyroid death," a substance that kills the thyroid
B) "Thyroid degeneration," the slow degeneration of the thyroid gland
C) "Thyroid hormone formation," a substance that stimulates the thyroid to produce hormones
D) "Thyroid poison," a substance poisonous to the thyroid gland
E) "Thyroid stimulating hormone," a hormone that stimulates the thyroid

Correct Answer

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Pituitary dwarfism and pituitary gigantism are both caused by improper secretions from the pituitary gland and primarily affect a person's:


A) blood sugar levels.
B) creation of ketone bodies.
C) development of sex organs.
D) digestion.
E) height.

Correct Answer

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Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term endocrine?


A) endo (inside) + crine (hormone) = hormones within the body
B) endo (inside) + crine (secretion) = to secrete internally (i.e., into the bloodstream)
C) endo (outside) + crine (hormone) = hormones outside the body
D) endo (outside) + crine (secretion) = to secrete outside the body (i.e., through the breath)

Correct Answer

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Identify and define the root in the medical term polyadenopathy.


A) poly - many
B) ad - toward
C) adeno - gland
D) eno - endocrine system
E) pathy - disease

Correct Answer

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Which medical term means "over thyroid condition," overproduction by the thyroid?


A) Hyperparathyroidism
B) Hyperthyroidism
C) Hypoparathyroidism
D) Hypothyroidism

Correct Answer

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Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term cholangiopancreatography?


A) chol (bile) + angio (vessel) + pancreato (pancreas) + graph (look) + y (procedure) = procedure used to examine the bile ducts and pancreas
B) chol (bile) + angio (vessel) + pancreato (pancreas) + graph (look) + y (record) = procedure used to record the functioning of the bile ducts and pancreas
C) chol (bile) + angio (vessel) + pancreato (pancreas) + graph (writing) + y (procedure) = procedure used to examine the bile ducts and pancreas
D) chol (bile) + angio (vessel) + pancreato (pancreas) + graph (writing) + y (record) = procedure used to record the functioning of the bile ducts and pancreas

Correct Answer

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Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term adrenarche?


A) adren (adrenal) + arche (beginning) = beginning of adrenal secretions
B) adren (gland) + arche (beginning) = beginning of gland formation
C) adren (hormone) + arche (beginning) = beginning of hormone formation
D) adren (secretions) + arche (beginning) = beginning of hormonal secretions

Correct Answer

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Choose the correct translation for the root crin/o.


A) Adrenal gland
B) Hormone
C) Outer surface
D) Secrete
E) Stimulating hormone

Correct Answer

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Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hypogonadism?


A) hypo (large) + gonad (gonad) + ism (pertaining to) = pertaining to large gonads
B) hypo (over) + gonad (gonad) + ism (disease) = disease caused by oversecretion of the sex glands
C) hypo (small) + gonad (gonad) + ism (formation) = formation of small gonads
D) hypo (under) + gonad (gonad) + ism (condition) = undersecretion of the sex glands

Correct Answer

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Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term adrenocortical carcinoma into its component parts?


A) adreno/cortical carcinoma
B) adreno/cortical carcin/oma
C) adreno/cortic/al carcin/oma
D) ad/reno/cortic/al carcin/oma
E) ad/reno/cortic/al car/cin/oma

Correct Answer

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Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term exocrine?


A) exo (inside) + crine (hormone) = hormones within the body
B) exo (inside) + crine (secretion) = to secrete internally (i.e., into the bloodstream)
C) exo (outside) + crine (hormone) = hormones outside the body
D) exo (outside) + crine (secretion) = to secrete outside the body (through ducts to the surface of an organ)

Correct Answer

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Translate the medical term euglycemia as literally as possible.


A) Bad blood sugar
B) Bad sugar
C) Good blood sugar
D) Good sugar

Correct Answer

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Translate the medical term thyroptosis as literally as possible.


A) Condition of the thyroid
B) Downward displacement (drooping) of the thyroid
C) Enlargement of the thyroid
D) Hernia of the thyroid
E) Tumor of the thyroid

Correct Answer

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Read the following excerpt from a Surgery Follow-Up note: Subjective Mr) Shield presented to our office today for follow-up from his thyroidectomy.He initially presented to his primary care physician with concerns over a goiter.His PCP noticed mild exophthalmos and an enlarged thyroid with palpable nodules.He had thyroid scintigraphy and TFTs that both revealed active nodules.After discussion with Dr.Sharp during a consultation, Mr.Shield elected for surgical correction.Dr.Sharp performed a thyroidectomy 2 weeks ago.Mr.Shield had postoperative hypocalcemia but otherwise had an unremarkable hospital stay.Since discharge, Mr.Shield has done very well. According to the note, which of the following states is NOT true?


A) After surgery the patient had low calcium levels in his blood.
B) Mr.Shield has excessive calcium in his urine.
C) Mr.Shield presented to his PCP with a swollen thyroid gland.
D) The patient had his thyroid removed.
E) The thyroid function tests revealed active nodules.

Correct Answer

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Adrenaline and epinephrine are both:


A) hormones secreted by the adrenal gland.
B) hormones secreted by the pancreas.
C) hormones secreted by the pituitary gland.
D) hormones secreted by the thymus.
E) hormones secreted by the thyroid.

Correct Answer

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The hormone that is secreted by the pituitary gland and stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland is called:


A) ACTH.
B) adrenocorticoptropic hormone.
C) corticotropin.
D) all of these.
E) none of these.

Correct Answer

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Which of the following roots does NOT refer to a gland of the endocrine system?


A) adren/o
B) gonad/o
C) ket/o
D) pancreat/o
E) Ihyroid/o

Correct Answer

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Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term uremia?


A) uremia = urine condition
B) uremia = blood condition
C) uremia = blood and urine condition
D) ur (urine) + emia (blood condition) = presence of urinary waste in the blood
E) ur (personal) + emia (blood condition) = personal blood condition

Correct Answer

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