Question 1

Hostile attributional bias:

Accepted Answer

A)   plays a central role in the aggressive behavior of rejected adolescents.
B)   plays a small role in the aggressive behavior of rejected adolescents.
C)   helps rejected adolescents gain acceptance.
D)   is the only factor in determining the behavior of rejected adolescents.

Question 2

Which adolescent is most likely to have a decrease in time spent with parents and a dramatic increase in the amount of time spent with peers?

Accepted Answer

A)   Maya, a White female
B)   Rosalia, a Hispanic-American female
C)   Hillary, a Black female
D)   Mike, an Asian-American male

Question 3

A group against which an individual compares himself or herself is called:

Accepted Answer

A)   a clique.
B)   a reference group.
C)   a crowd.
D)   a youth culture.

Question 4

Which of the following is a common finding of recent cyberbullying studies?

Accepted Answer

A)   Adolescents who engage in traditional bullying often also engage in cyberbullying.
B)   Victims of physical or verbal harassment are usually very different than victims of cyberbullying.
C)   As Internet use has increased, cyberbullying has become statistically more common than physical and verbal harassment among the adolescent population.
D)   More than 80 percent of adolescents have engaged in some form of cyberbullying.

Question 5

Chuck is a member of a higher status crowd at his school. According to the textbook, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Chuck likely has high self-esteem.
B)   Chuck likely feels a lot of pressure to be "cool."
C)   Chuck likely holds quite a few misconceptions about his peers.
D)   Chuck likely has a diffused identity status.

Question 6

Felicia has a problematic relationship with her parents. All of the following negative effects are likely to occur for Felicia, except:

Accepted Answer

A)   development of an antisocial disposition.
B)   active school involvement.
C)   school failure.
D)   rejection by classmates.

Question 7

According to the research, conformity to peer pressure:

Accepted Answer

A)   peaks in adolescence and remains high into adulthood.
B)   peaks in adolescence relative to childhood and adulthood.
C)   shows a linear increase from childhood into adulthood.
D)   shows a linear decrease from childhood into adulthood.

Question 8

Self-esteem is _____ among students who are identified with peer groups that have relatively high status in their school.

Accepted Answer

A)   lower
B)   the same
C)   higher
D)   Self-esteem varies from person to person.

Question 9

According to Brown's (2004)  study of crowds in high school, what fraction of adolescents do not fit clearly into any crowd?

Accepted Answer

A)   one-sixth
B)   one-half
C)   two-thirds
D)   one-third

Question 10

The following is often a trademark of persistent bullies:

Accepted Answer

A)   more troubled family relationships.
B)   more troubled peer relationships.
C)   greater difficulty controlling aggression.
D)   All of these are correct.

Question 11

Who is most likely to have cross-ethnic friendships?

Accepted Answer

A)   Audrey, who attends a large multiethnic school
B)   Brandy, who attends a school where one ethnic group predominates
C)   Candice, who is involved in athletics
D)   Deborah, who is home-schooled

Question 12

The main reason that reactive aggression is associated with unpopularity and greater problems with peers is that reactive aggression is characterized by a combination of:

Accepted Answer

A)   aggression and poor emotion regulation or lack of social skills.
B)   bad karma and well-developed social skills.
C)   delinquent behaviors and extreme shyness in social situations.
D)   being female and plotting an aggressive response in advance.

Question 13

According to the textbook, victims of cyberbullying often report all of the following adjustment problems, except:

Accepted Answer

A)   low self-esteem.
B)   academic difficulties.
C)   parent-child conflict.
D)   depression.

Question 14

In contrast to crowds, cliques:

Accepted Answer

A)   are settings for adolescents' intimate interactions.
B)   help adolescents locate themselves within the social structure of their school.
C)   channel adolescents into associations with some peers and away from others.
D)   provide contexts that reward certain lifestyles and disparage others.

Question 15

The Anytown town council developed a program to curb delinquent behavior among the town's adolescents. The program had an iatrogenic effect, meaning:

Accepted Answer

A)   the program was successful and delinquent behavior was reduced.
B)   the program backfired and delinquent behavior increased.
C)   there were no effects on delinquent behavior, either positive or negative.
D)   some problem behaviors increased and others decreased.

Question 16

Mitch organizes a party for about 20 of his classmates who are all interested in theater, and they all watch a tape of the musical The Phantom of the Opera. This group of teenagers, who don't always hang out together, but share common interests, would most appropriately be labeled:

Accepted Answer

A)   a gang.
B)   a reference group.
C)   a crowd.
D)   a clique.

Question 17

Eric, a fourth-grader, spends a lot of time with his peers and is more likely to engage in which of the following activities?

Accepted Answer

A)   Little League baseball
B)   going to the mall with his friends
C)   hanging out at his friend's house unsupervised
D)   girl-watching

Question 18

When researchers evaluated the social climate of today's schools to see just how much had changed since The Adolescent Society was published, what did they find?

Accepted Answer

A)   The researchers replicated the findings of The Adolescent Society.
B)   In contrast to the findings presented in The Adolescent Society, researchers found that academic achievement was strongly valued among today's adolescents.
C)   The researchers concluded that there were both similarities and differences between the climate of today's "adolescent society" and the society described 60 years ago.
D)   In contrast to the society described 60 years ago, today's adolescents placed a greater emphasis on attractiveness, wealth, and athletic ability.

Question 19

Online harassment is ________ in-person harassment.

Accepted Answer

A)   as common as
B)   more common than
C)   less common than
D)   not as likely to have negative effects on victims' emotional well-being as

Question 20

The world is arguably a more stressful place to grow up in now than it was in the past for all of the following reasons, except which one?

Accepted Answer

A)   Divorce is more commonplace.
B)   Families move residences every few years.
C)   Adolescents experience pressure from the mass media.
D)   Adolescents are now more susceptible to their peers than were other generations.

Exam 5: Peer Groups

Self-esteem is _____ among students who are identified with peer groups that have relatively high status in their school.

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The following is often a trademark of persistent bullies:

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Which of the following is a common finding of recent cyberbullying studies?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hostile attributional bias:

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In contrast to crowds, cliques:

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Which adolescent is most likely to have a decrease in time spent with parents and a dramatic increase in the amount of time spent with peers?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chuck is a member of a higher status crowd at his school. According to the textbook, which of the following statements is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A group against which an individual compares himself or herself is called:

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The world is arguably a more stressful place to grow up in now than it was in the past for all of the following reasons, except which one?

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Online harassment is ________ in-person harassment.

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Felicia has a problematic relationship with her parents. All of the following negative effects are likely to occur for Felicia, except:

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According to Brown's (2004) study of crowds in high school, what fraction of adolescents do not fit clearly into any crowd?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The main reason that reactive aggression is associated with unpopularity and greater problems with peers is that reactive aggression is characterized by a combination of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mitch organizes a party for about 20 of his classmates who are all interested in theater, and they all watch a tape of the musical The Phantom of the Opera. This group of teenagers, who don't always hang out together, but share common interests, would most appropriately be labeled:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eric, a fourth-grader, spends a lot of time with his peers and is more likely to engage in which of the following activities?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Anytown town council developed a program to curb delinquent behavior among the town's adolescents. The program had an iatrogenic effect, meaning:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the research, conformity to peer pressure:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who is most likely to have cross-ethnic friendships?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When researchers evaluated the social climate of today's schools to see just how much had changed since The Adolescent Society was published, what did they find?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the textbook, victims of cyberbullying often report all of the following adjustment problems, except:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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