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A __________ is a very severe recession that is usually accompanied by deflation.


A) stagflation
B) retraction
C) depression
D) dissolution

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The "Spotlight on Small Business" box in Chapter 2 is titled,"The Key to Capitalism is Capital." Which of the following statements best describes the message of this story?


A) This box explains that the only important factor of production for most businesses is capital.
B) This story explains that loans for large capital investments come with sizeable interest rates,but usually produce better results.
C) Corruption has prevented goodwill institutions from making large capital investments in developing countries.
D) Micro-lending has proven to lift impoverished entrepreneurs to a better standard of living.

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When the supply curve and demand curve for a particular good are shown together on a single graph,the point at which the two curves intersect identifies the:


A) Total profit earned by producers.
B) Total amount of labor that will be employed in that market.
C) Amount of time it takes to bring together the buyers and sellers of the good.
D) Equilibrium price of the good.

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__________ unemployment refers to loss of jobs due to a recession or a similar downturn in the economy.


A) Frictional
B) Structural
C) Cyclical
D) Seasonal

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Sue is a gifted cook.She plans to open a restaurant in which she will be the head chef.Sue is willing to work long hours because she believes that her culinary talents and hard work will allow her business to succeed and earn her sizeable profits.Sue's efforts are most consistent with the economic theory developed by:


A) Thomas Malthus.
B) Karl Marx.
C) Adam Smith.
D) David Ricardo.

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Large educated populations can contribute to an economy by offering knowledge and entrepreneurship. Level of Learning 2: Understanding of concepts and principles

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Monetary policy is implemented to ease the up and down swings of business cycles,while fiscal policy is implemented to create swings when the cycle is stalled in an economic boom. Level of Learning 2: Understanding of concepts and principles

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Although mixed economies tend to improve economic conditions,moral values prevent communist nations such as China and Vietnam from progressing in this direction.Overall,economic progress continues to be very slow in these nations. Level of Learning 2: Understanding of concepts and principles

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Free-market capitalism has made it more difficult for individuals to gain wealth. Level of Learning 1: Knowledge of key terms

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One of the benefits of a free market is that:


A) Businesses provide customers with quality products at fair prices.
B) Businesses all make the same amount of profit.
C) Businesses do better with more government regulation.
D) The government dictates the number of competitors there are in each industry.

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The price of iPhonesβ„’ is falling.In a free-market economic system where everything else is equal,the most likely explanation is:


A) Suppliers are not producing enough product.
B) Sellers cannot keep up with market demand.
C) The government determined that the product was not worth the price tag that the producer was asking.
D) The product has competition at the equilibrium price.

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Structural unemployment refers to unemployment caused by the restructuring of firms or by a mismatch between the skills or location of job seekers and the requirements or location of available jobs. Level of Learning 1: Knowledge of key terms

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Brain drain has has occurred in many socialistic nations because:


A) Socialism encourages an unequal distribution of income,leaving many without medical and social services.
B) The government does little to protect the natural environment.
C) Workers tend to have to work longer hours and receive fewer benefits under socialism.
D) Tax rates on well-respected professionals such as doctors tend to be very high.

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__________ unemployment refers to unemployment caused by the restructuring of firms or by a mismatch between the skills of job seekers and the requirements of available jobs.


A) Frictional
B) Structural
C) Cyclical
D) Seasonal

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___________ exists when a large number of firms produce goods that are similar but are perceived by buyers as being different.


A) Perfect competition
B) Monopolistic competition
C) Oligopoly
D) A monopoly

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As of 2010,total GDP in the United States was around $14 trillion. Level of Learning 1: Knowledge of key terms

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Patrick just landed a job working for a major online gaming company in Silicon Valley.In a lot of ways,this is his dream job come true - the chance to work for a company that makes gaming software and live in California at the same time.As his plane lands at San Jose International,he pictures a snazzy apartment with a palm tree right outside the front door.A few hours later,as he meets a property manager of a large apartment complex,his heart sinks.The price of apartments is out of sight! Back at the hotel,he logs on to the Bureau of Labor Statistics to try to get a better picture of why the cost of housing is so high in this region of the U.S.Which factors may be causing the rise in the price of housing?


A) Low Unemployment rate and increasing GDP
B) High consumer's marginal index and low PPI
C) Low CPI and high state tax rate
D) Decreasing Disruptive Technologies Index and high unemployment

Correct Answer

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Mike spends a lot of time blogging.Yesterday,he left the following comment on a site where participants were discussing the pros and cons of healthcare: "If you think healthcare is expensive now,wait until it is free.The problem with free rides is,eventually everyone piles on the bus and no one is left to push it.Then the system collapses." He was responded to by Martha,who added,"Universal healthcare is not a dirty word.It's the salvation for many people.If I have to pay a little more in taxes and know that my neighbor's kids have good pre-school and can see the doctor when needed,it's worth it to me." Mike and Martha are discussing the benefits and drawbacks of:


A) Healthcare under communism.
B) Healthcare under capitalism.
C) Healthcare under socialism
D) Healthcare under nationalism.

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One way to lessen the U.S.government budget deficit is to:


A) cut spending.
B) increase spending.
C) call-in government savings bonds.
D) increase government social programs such as welfare,food-stamps,and Medicare.

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In an effort to promote rapid growth,the government of Goldinia has kept taxes low,done little to regulate business activities,and implemented only modest social programs.The government is now facing political pressure to do more to clean up the environment and to reduce the inequalities of income and wealth.Which of the following statements is most accurate? Goldinia's government is currently taking:


A) A purely capitalist approach to achieve its economic goals,and is likely to continue doing so in the future.
B) A purely socialist approach to achieve its economics goals,and is likely to continue doing so in the future.
C) A predominately socialist approach to achieving economic goals,but the current pressures it faces suggest it is likely to adopt a more capitalist approach in the future.
D) A predominately capitalist approach toward achieving economic goals,but the current pressures it faces suggest it is likely to adopt a more socialist approach in the future.

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