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Exam 17: Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

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Question 21

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The anticodon of a particular tRNA molecule is

A) complementary to the corresponding mRNA codon.
B) complementary to the corresponding triplet in rRNA.
C) the part of tRNA that bonds to a specific amino acid.
D) catalytic, making the tRNA a ribozyme.

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Question 22

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The tRNA shown in the figure has its 3′ end projecting beyond its 5′ end. - Which of the following processes will occur at this 3′ end?

A) The amino acid binds covalently.
B) The excess nucleotides (ACCA) will be cleaved off at the ribosome.
C) The small and large subunits of the ribosome will attach to it.
D) The 5′ cap of the mRNA will become covalently bound.

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Question 23

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Which of the following characteristics is directly related to the coding of a single amino acid during the process of translation?

Which of the following processes occurs in prokaryotes but not in eukaryotes?

In eukaryotic cells, transcription cannot begin until

Which of the following is not true of a codon?

Once researchers identified DNA as the molecule responsible for transmitting heritable traits, they asked how information was transferred from the DNA in the nucleus to the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm. Which of the following statements correctly describes the mechanism of information transfer in eukaryotes that accomplishes this task?

- What amino acid sequence will be generated, based on the following mRNA codon sequence? 5′-AUG-UCU-UCG-UUA-UCC-UUG-3′

Accuracy in the translation of mRNA into the primary structure of a polypeptide depends on specificity in the ________.

The figure shows a simple metabolic pathway. - If A, B, and C are all required for growth, a strain mutant for the gene encoding enzyme B would be able to grow on medium supplemented with which of the following nutrient(s) ?

During the elongation phase of translation, which site in the ribosome represents the location where a codon is being read?

A part of an mRNA molecule with the following sequence is being read by a ribosome: 5′-CCG-ACG-3′ (mRNA) . The following charged transfer RNA molecules (with their anticodons shown in the 3′ to 5′ direction) are available. Two of them can correctly match the mRNA so that a dipeptide can form. $\begin{array} { | c | c | } \hline \text { tRNA Anticodon } & \text { Amino Acid } \\\hline \text { GGC } & \text { Proline } \\\text { CGU } & \text { Alanine } \\\text { UGC } & \text { Threonine } \\\text { CCG } & \text { Glycine } \\\text { ACG } & \text { Cysteine } \\\text { CGG } & \text { Alanine } \\\hline\end{array}$ - Which of the following anticodons in the first tRNA to bind will complement this mRNA?

Which one of the following statements about RNA processing is correct?

The figure represents tRNA that recognises and binds a particular amino acid (in this instance, phenylalanine) . - What type of bonding is responsible for maintaining the shape of the tRNA molecule shown in the figure?

Which of the following processes correctly describes alternative RNA splicing?

Which of the following statements best describes the termination of transcription in prokaryotes?

A particular triplet of bases in the template strand of DNA is 5′-AGT-3′. What would be the corresponding codon for the mRNA that is transcribed?

The figure shows a simple metabolic pathway. -According to Beadle and Tatum's (1930s) hypothesis, how many genes are necessary for this pathway?

In eukaryotes, there are several different types of RNA polymerase. Which type is involved in transcription of mRNA for a globin protein?

What would be the consequence of a mutation in a bacterial cell that produces a defective aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase that attaches a lysine instead of the normal phenylalanine to tRNAs with the anticodon AAA?