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Exam 3: Heredity and Environment

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Question 71

Multiple Choice

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A fatal central nervous system disorder caused by a copy number variation-more than 35 repetitions of a particular set of three base pairs-is _____.

A) Down syndrome
B) nearsightedness
C) fragile X syndrome
D) Huntington's disease

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Question 72

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Every human begins life as a single cell, which is called a _____.

A) chromosome
B) zygote
C) genotype
D) genome

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Question 73

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Most of the known single-gene disorders are _____.

Older women are more likely to double-ovulate. As a result, they are more likely to have _____.

Sally is born with 47 chromosomes instead of the usual 46. Sally's chances of survival are about 1 in _____.

The process of methylation can do all the following to genetic instructions EXCEPT _____ them.

Brown-eyed Alma has a blue-eyed mother and a brown-eyed father. In this case, her brown eyes were determined by a _____ allele.

Each variation of a gene is called a(n) _____.

After about the eight-cell stage within the zygote, cells start to _____, meaning that they take different forms and reproduce at various rates, depending on where they are located.

Each human has a total of about _____ genes.

Which of the following is an example of a single-gene disorder that is dominant?

Each human body cell contains _____ chromosomes.

Fraternal twins are also called _____ twins.

A person's appearance, behavior, and brain and body functions combine to form the _____.

The statistic that indicates how much of the variation in a particular trait can be traced to genes is called "_____."

When the effects of genes combine to create the phenotype, they are called "_____ genes."

_____ disorders are more common because they are passed down from one generation to the next by carriers who are unaware of their genotypes.

Timur and Juan are playing basketball. Timur shoots the ball, and Juan blocks the shot. Timur says, "Wow, I didn't realize how tall you were until you did that!" Timur's comment refers to Juan's "_____."

Identify three recessive conditions that are X-linked. Which condition results in cognitive deficits that are the most common forms of inherited intellectual disability?

A small section of a chromosome that is the basic unit for the transmission of heredity is a _____.