Question 1

The chemical substances that people take to alter mood, thinking, sensation, or perception are called:

Accepted Answer

A)   psychosomatic substances.
B)   psychoactive drugs.
C)   hypermnesiac drugs.
D)   neurotransmitters.

Question 2

Danita goes to bed at 10 P.M. and quickly falls asleep. She sleeps soundly until 6 A.M. the next morning. Between 2 A.M. and 6 A.M. Danita will most likely experience:

Accepted Answer

A)   long episodes of REM sleep.
B)   hypnagogic hallucinations.
C)   the complete absence of NREM sleep.
D)   long episodes of stages 3 and 4 NREM sleep.

Question 3

On the average, each complete cycle through the stages of NREM sleep and REM sleep lasts about:

Accepted Answer

A)   20 minutes.
B)   1 hour.
C)   90 minutes.
D)   8 hours.

Question 4

A parasomnia that involves abnormal sexual behaviors and experiences during NREM stage 3 and 4 slow-wave sleep, such as masturbation, sleepsex talking, groping or fondling a bed partner's genitals, or sexual intercourse, is called:

Accepted Answer

A)   narcolepsy.
B)   somnambulism.
C)   sleepsex.
D)   REM sleep behavior disorder.

Question 5

A meditation training study in which participants learned to meditate over the course of eight weeks found that:

Accepted Answer

A)   cortical thickness was negatively correlated with meditation experience.
B)   meditation does not alter the brain.
C)   the new meditators showed gray-matter density decreases in several cortical areas.
D)   the new meditators showed gray-matter density increases in several cortical areas.

Question 6

People can eventually adapt to sleeping for as little as four or five hours per night with little or no cognitive impairment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

REM sleep and NREM stage 2 sleep seem to help in the formation of new:

Accepted Answer

A)   lucid dreams.
B)   episodic memories.
C)   procedural memories.
D)   dyssomnias.

Question 8

What is the suprachiasmatic nucleus, and what is its main function?

Accepted Answer

The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is a t...

Question 9

There is evidence that some people can undergo painful medical and dental procedures, including surgery, with no anesthesia other than hypnosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

During stage 4 NREM:

Accepted Answer

A)   the sleeper can easily awaken and become alert almost immediately.
B)   the sleeper's heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing rate drop to their lowest levels.
C)   the sleeper is essentially paralyzed and incapable of movement.
D)   sleep spindles occur.

Question 11

Along with carrying 18 hours of college classes, Tolek is working full-time at his uncle's hardware store. When Tolek complained to a friend about how tired he was all the time, his friend offered to sell him some methamphetamines. "They give you more energy," his friend explained. Tolek has been using the methamphetamines almost daily for the past two weeks. If Tolek continues his chronic use of methamphetamines, he will experience:

Accepted Answer

A)   a significant increase in the number of dopamine receptors in his brain.
B)   an increase in the synaptic levels of dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine, because methamphetamines block their reuptake and potentiate their effects.
C)   frequent bouts of delirium tremens (DTs) .
D)   permanent destruction of brain tissue.

Question 12

Each of the addictive drugs-including alcohol, cocaine, heroin, nicotine, and amphetamines-has its own separate reward system involving different neurotransmitters in the brain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

A couple of times during the night, you awaken slightly. Each time you awaken, you're aware of vague mental images that reflect a conversation you had with your boss about resolving a problem at work. These bland, thoughtlike ruminations about real events are best described as sleep mentation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

In combination, stage 3 NREM and stage 4 NREM:

Accepted Answer

A)   occur mostly during the second half of the night.
B)   are called paradoxical sleep.
C)   are comprised mostly of beta brain wave activity.
D)   are referred to as slow-wave sleep.

Question 15

The term hypermnesia refers to the:

Accepted Answer

A)   enhancement of memory through hypnosis.
B)   suppression of memory through hypnosis.
C)   semiconscious, drowsy state that occurs just before you fall asleep.
D)   semiconscious, drowsy state that occurs just as you are waking up.

Question 16

Sleep terrors typically occur during stage 3 or 4 REM, but nightmares, which are anxiety dreams involving a progressive unpleasant dream story, typically occur during REM sleep.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

When they are hypnotized, people typically:

Accepted Answer

A)   lose all awareness of their surroundings.
B)   are in a deep trance, which is similar to stage 4 NREM sleep.
C)   remain aware of who they are and of their surroundings.
D)   can accurately recall memories of early childhood and infancy.

Question 18

Unlike other sleep disorders, the symptoms of narcolepsy occur during the day.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

According to the information discussed in the In Focus box titled "What You Really Want to Know About Sleep," which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)   A naturally occurring compound called adenosine seems to be involved in producing sleepiness.
B)   Sleep paralysis is a rare, progressive condition that can eventually lead to a permanent coma if left untreated.
C)   Sleep researchers have demonstrated that it is possible to have extended, meaningful conversations with chronic sleeptalkers.
D)   Yawning is caused by having too little oxygen or too much carbon dioxide in the blood.

Question 20

Parasomnias are sleep disorders involving disruptions in the amount, quality, or timing of sleep, and include insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, and narcolepsy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 4: Consciousness and Its Variations

What is the suprachiasmatic nucleus, and what is its main function?

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is a t...
View Answer

Unlike other sleep disorders, the symptoms of narcolepsy occur during the day.

Correct Answer
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During stage 4 NREM:

Correct Answer
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According to the information discussed in the In Focus box titled "What You Really Want to Know About Sleep," which of the following statements is TRUE?

Correct Answer
verified

Parasomnias are sleep disorders involving disruptions in the amount, quality, or timing of sleep, and include insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, and narcolepsy.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

People can eventually adapt to sleeping for as little as four or five hours per night with little or no cognitive impairment.

Correct Answer
verified

The chemical substances that people take to alter mood, thinking, sensation, or perception are called:

Correct Answer
verified

A couple of times during the night, you awaken slightly. Each time you awaken, you're aware of vague mental images that reflect a conversation you had with your boss about resolving a problem at work. These bland, thoughtlike ruminations about real events are best described as sleep mentation.

Correct Answer
verified

Each of the addictive drugs-including alcohol, cocaine, heroin, nicotine, and amphetamines-has its own separate reward system involving different neurotransmitters in the brain.

Correct Answer
verified

A parasomnia that involves abnormal sexual behaviors and experiences during NREM stage 3 and 4 slow-wave sleep, such as masturbation, sleepsex talking, groping or fondling a bed partner's genitals, or sexual intercourse, is called:

Correct Answer
verified

Danita goes to bed at 10 P.M. and quickly falls asleep. She sleeps soundly until 6 A.M. the next morning. Between 2 A.M. and 6 A.M. Danita will most likely experience:

Correct Answer
verified

On the average, each complete cycle through the stages of NREM sleep and REM sleep lasts about:

Correct Answer
verified

The term hypermnesia refers to the:

Correct Answer
verified

There is evidence that some people can undergo painful medical and dental procedures, including surgery, with no anesthesia other than hypnosis.

Correct Answer
verified

Sleep terrors typically occur during stage 3 or 4 REM, but nightmares, which are anxiety dreams involving a progressive unpleasant dream story, typically occur during REM sleep.

Correct Answer
verified

A meditation training study in which participants learned to meditate over the course of eight weeks found that:

Correct Answer
verified

When they are hypnotized, people typically:

Correct Answer
verified

In combination, stage 3 NREM and stage 4 NREM:

Correct Answer
verified

REM sleep and NREM stage 2 sleep seem to help in the formation of new:

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 4: Consciousness and Its Variations

What is the suprachiasmatic nucleus, and what is its main function?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is a t...View AnswerShow Answer

Unlike other sleep disorders, the symptoms of narcolepsy occur during the day.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During stage 4 NREM:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the information discussed in the In Focus box titled "What You Really Want to Know About Sleep," which of the following statements is TRUE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Parasomnias are sleep disorders involving disruptions in the amount, quality, or timing of sleep, and include insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, and narcolepsy.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People can eventually adapt to sleeping for as little as four or five hours per night with little or no cognitive impairment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The chemical substances that people take to alter mood, thinking, sensation, or perception are called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A couple of times during the night, you awaken slightly. Each time you awaken, you're aware of vague mental images that reflect a conversation you had with your boss about resolving a problem at work. These bland, thoughtlike ruminations about real events are best described as sleep mentation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each of the addictive drugs-including alcohol, cocaine, heroin, nicotine, and amphetamines-has its own separate reward system involving different neurotransmitters in the brain.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A parasomnia that involves abnormal sexual behaviors and experiences during NREM stage 3 and 4 slow-wave sleep, such as masturbation, sleepsex talking, groping or fondling a bed partner's genitals, or sexual intercourse, is called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Danita goes to bed at 10 P.M. and quickly falls asleep. She sleeps soundly until 6 A.M. the next morning. Between 2 A.M. and 6 A.M. Danita will most likely experience:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

On the average, each complete cycle through the stages of NREM sleep and REM sleep lasts about:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term hypermnesia refers to the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

There is evidence that some people can undergo painful medical and dental procedures, including surgery, with no anesthesia other than hypnosis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sleep terrors typically occur during stage 3 or 4 REM, but nightmares, which are anxiety dreams involving a progressive unpleasant dream story, typically occur during REM sleep.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A meditation training study in which participants learned to meditate over the course of eight weeks found that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When they are hypnotized, people typically:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In combination, stage 3 NREM and stage 4 NREM:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

REM sleep and NREM stage 2 sleep seem to help in the formation of new:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is a t...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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