Exam 9: Cognition and Perception

A) introverted.
B) from Western cultures.
C) hunters or herders.
D) from large,industrialized cities.
E) holistic thinkers.

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A) Asian Americans tend to outperform Euro-Americans.
B) Euro-Americans do worse on the task if they are reciting the alphabet.
C) Euro-Americans consistently do better on the task if they are saying something than if they are silent.
D) Asian Americans do better on the task if they are reciting the alphabet than if they are silent.
E) thinking and talking are largely unrelated for Euro-Americans.

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A) English speakers are better able to identify the different odors of reindeer.
B) Saami speakers engage in spatial reasoning differently than English speakers.
C) English speakers have less numerical cognitive abilities than do Saami speakers.
D) Saami speakers are better able to categorize reindeer than English speakers.
E) English speakers view time as flowing in a different direction than do Saami speakers.

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A) Hamada and Matsumoto,who are both Japanese,communicate with each other only by complimenting each other and do not criticize each other.
B) Endo,who is Japanese,cannot reach his friend,Tanaka,because Tanaka's cell phone is off,but Endo has great difficulty leaving messages on Tanaka's voice mail.
C) Yamazaki,who is Japanese,much prefers to communicate with his friends by writing,more so than his American friend,Claudia.
D) Eric,who is American,is more likely to speak in an indirect,roundabout way with his friends than is Itao,who is Japanese.
E) Tetsuya,who is Japanese,prefers to write to his friends more so than does his American friend,Mike.

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A) choose family-resemblance responses if there is a conflict between rule and similarity-based judgments.
B) on average,have much difficulty with them relative to Westerners.
C) typically provide holistic answers.
D) are usually unable to solve them.
E) tend to be poorer at using analytical skills than Westerners.

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Student's graph shou...

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A) vary in arbitrary ways.
B) are pretty much the same everywhere,with the exception of colors in the blue-green spectrum.
C) vary in that some cultures only have color words for red and green,whereas other cultures only have color words for blue and yellow.
D) all correspond to a small number of different possible sets of terms.
E) do not consistently contain a word for "black."

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A) East Asians and Westerners will equally blame Tony's family problems.
B) East Asians will blame Tony's family problems,and Westerners will blame Tony's nasty personality.
C) East Asians will blame Tony's nasty personality,and Westerners will blame Tony's family problems.
D) East Asians and Westerners will equally blame Tony's nasty personality.
E) East Asians will blame Tony's family problems,and Westerners will blame Tony's teammates.

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A) Ayumi is likelier than Alice to say that she is an introverted person across different situations.
B) Ayumi is likelier than Alice to say that she is both considerate and selfish.
C) Ayumi is likelier than Alice to focus on her individual characteristics,such as intelligence.
D) Ayumi is likelier than Alice to be optimistic over the long term.
E) Ayumi is likelier than Alice to reference her physiological states.

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A) Japanese researchers' preference for the status quo will lead them to think that current car designs are sufficient;American researchers will focus on making only slight adjustments to make cars more functional.
B) Japanese and American researchers will both focus on making revolutionizing changes to current car designs.
C) Japanese researchers will focus on making revolutionizing changes to current car designs;American researchers will want the status quo and keep current car designs.
D) Japanese and American researchers will both focus on making minor adjustments to current car designs to make cars more functional.
E) Japanese researchers will focus on making minor adjustments to cars to make them more functional;American researchers will focus on making revolutionizing changes to them.

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A) Rui will give more responses that are diagnostic of psychological disorders than Ronald.
B) Rui will give more visual descriptions than Ronald,who will give fewer descriptions in general.
C) Rui will give answers that are based more on the cluster of clouds than Ronald,who will base his answers more on a single cloud.
D) Rui will give more creative answers than Ronald,who will give more mundane answers.
E) Rui will give more colorful descriptions than Ronald,whose descriptions will be more black and white.

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A) assumed that Michael was not really pro tuition increase,and agreed that Michael only wrote the article because the editor asked him to write the article
B) thought that Michael wrote the article equally because he is pro tuition increase and because he is personally pro tuition
C) thought that Michael's perspective on tuition increase depended on the perspectives of people around him
D) ignored the fact that Michael was asked by the editor to write the article,and asserted that Michael wrote it only because he is personally pro tuition increase
E) thought that Michael's perspective on tuition increase was due to both situational and dispositional attributions,in equal amounts

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A) implicit communication
B) explicit communication
C) incremental theory of the world
D) entity theory of the self
E) incremental theory of self

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