Question 1

Participants in a voter preference study favored the presidential candidate whose face blended some of their own facial features with those of the candidate. This best illustrates the impact of

Accepted Answer

A)   the mere exposure effect.
B)   deindividuation.
C)   the chameleon effect.
D)   social facilitation.

Question 2

Central route persuasion is most likely when people

Accepted Answer

A)   are naturally analytical.
B)   are uninvolved in an issue.
C)   make snap judgments.
D)   have difficulty paying attention.

Question 3

An overwhelming desire for harmony in a decision-making group increases the probability of

Accepted Answer

A)   social facilitation.
B)   the mere exposure effect.
C)   groupthink.
D)   the foot-in-the-door phenomenon.

Question 4

Research on the biology of aggression has clearly demonstrated that

Accepted Answer

A)   human aggression is an unlearned instinct.
B)   there is no physiological basis for aggression in humans.
C)   animals can be bred for aggressiveness.
D)   neural influences contribute to aggressive behavior by men but not by women.

Question 5

On which of the following tasks would the presence of observers be LEAST likely to lead to better and faster performance?

Accepted Answer

A)   raking leaves
B)   washing dishes
C)   reciting the alphabet
D)   solving a crossword puzzle

Question 6

Research studies indicate that in an emergency situation, the presence of others often

Accepted Answer

A)   prevents people from even noticing the situation.
B)   prevents people from interpreting an unusual event as an emergency.
C)   prevents people from assuming responsibility for assisting.
D)   leads to all of these behaviors.

Question 7

In 1942, German reserve police officers obeyed orders to kill some 1500 Jews in the village of Jozefow, Poland. This incident illustrated that people are most likely to be destructively obedient when

Accepted Answer

A)   they fail to realize their actions are morally wrong.
B)   their victims are distant and depersonalized.
C)   they perceive their orders to come from legitimate authority figures.
D)   they derive personal satisfaction from destructive acts.

Question 8

We are likely to prefer as friends those who are similar to us in

Accepted Answer

A)   attitudes.
B)   intelligence.
C)   age.
D)   any of these areas.

Question 9

Diffusion of responsibility often plays an important role in the

Accepted Answer

A)   mere exposure effect.
B)   other-race effect.
C)   bystander effect.
D)   fundamental attribution error.

Question 10

Researchers in one experiment gave people cash and instructions either to spend it on themselves or to spend it on others. Those assigned to spend it on others subsequently experienced the greatest

Accepted Answer

A)   cognitive dissonance.
B)   deindividuation.
C)   social loafing.
D)   happiness.

Question 11

In which country are men LEAST likely to approve of male-to-female violence between romantic partners?

Accepted Answer

A)   India
B)   Kuwait
C)   United States
D)   Japan

Question 12

Nora, Ko, Ian, and May each think that Ms. Akey may be a slightly better teacher than Mr. Schwenke. After discussing why each of them believes this to be so, they all conclude that Ms. Akey is definitely a much better teacher than Mr. Schwenke. This episode provides an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   social facilitation.
B)   the fundamental attribution error.
C)   group polarization.
D)   deindividuation.

Question 13

A win-win orientation is one that seeks ________ of conflict.

Accepted Answer

A)   mutually beneficial resolutions
B)   mirror-image perceptions
C)   social facilitation
D)   deindividuation

Question 14

Which theory best explains why our actions can lead us to modify our attitudes?

Accepted Answer

A)   scapegoat theory
B)   cognitive dissonance theory
C)   social exchange theory
D)   the two-factor theory

Question 15

Blindfolded people were observed to clap louder when they thought they were clapping alone than when they thought they were clapping with others. This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   the mere exposure effect.
B)   social loafing.
C)   group polarization.
D)   the foot-in-the-door phenomenon.

Question 16

Regarding the influence of alcohol and testosterone on aggressive behavior, which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Consumption of alcohol increases aggressive behavior; injections of testosterone reduce aggressive behavior.
B)   Consumption of alcohol reduces aggressive behavior; injections of testosterone increase aggressive behavior.
C)   Consumption of alcohol and injections of testosterone both promote aggressive behavior.
D)   Consumption of alcohol and injections of testosterone both reduce aggressive behavior.

Question 17

Unlike our ancestors of centuries past, humans today rely heavily on personal computers and electronic communications. This best illustrates the impact of

Accepted Answer

A)   deindividuation.
B)   natural selection.
C)   groupthink.
D)   culture.

Question 18

Yuri decided to delay his road trip after hearing a weather forecaster warn that a severe snowstorm would pass through the area within several hours. Yuri's decision best illustrates the impact of

Accepted Answer

A)   the mere exposure effect.
B)   informational social influence.
C)   social facilitation.
D)   the reciprocity norm.

Question 19

Class members are asked to work cooperatively in groups on major course papers. Every member of a group is to receive exactly the same grade based on the quality of the group's paper. This situation is most likely to lead to

Accepted Answer

A)   social loafing.
B)   social facilitation.
C)   deindividuation.
D)   the bystander effect.

Question 20

Jason was fouled by an unfamiliar opponent during a basketball game at a neighborhood park. His consumption of alcohol prior to the game is most likely to lead him to interpret the foul as

Accepted Answer

A)   funny.
B)   his own fault.
C)   unintended.
D)   a provocation.

Exam 13: Personality

Researchers in one experiment gave people cash and instructions either to spend it on themselves or to spend it on others. Those assigned to spend it on others subsequently experienced the greatest

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jason was fouled by an unfamiliar opponent during a basketball game at a neighborhood park. His consumption of alcohol prior to the game is most likely to lead him to interpret the foul as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Regarding the influence of alcohol and testosterone on aggressive behavior, which of the following is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Unlike our ancestors of centuries past, humans today rely heavily on personal computers and electronic communications. This best illustrates the impact of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Yuri decided to delay his road trip after hearing a weather forecaster warn that a severe snowstorm would pass through the area within several hours. Yuri's decision best illustrates the impact of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

We are likely to prefer as friends those who are similar to us in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which theory best explains why our actions can lead us to modify our attitudes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Blindfolded people were observed to clap louder when they thought they were clapping alone than when they thought they were clapping with others. This best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An overwhelming desire for harmony in a decision-making group increases the probability of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Participants in a voter preference study favored the presidential candidate whose face blended some of their own facial features with those of the candidate. This best illustrates the impact of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A win-win orientation is one that seeks ________ of conflict.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In 1942, German reserve police officers obeyed orders to kill some 1500 Jews in the village of Jozefow, Poland. This incident illustrated that people are most likely to be destructively obedient when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research on the biology of aggression has clearly demonstrated that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research studies indicate that in an emergency situation, the presence of others often

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which country are men LEAST likely to approve of male-to-female violence between romantic partners?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nora, Ko, Ian, and May each think that Ms. Akey may be a slightly better teacher than Mr. Schwenke. After discussing why each of them believes this to be so, they all conclude that Ms. Akey is definitely a much better teacher than Mr. Schwenke. This episode provides an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Class members are asked to work cooperatively in groups on major course papers. Every member of a group is to receive exactly the same grade based on the quality of the group's paper. This situation is most likely to lead to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Diffusion of responsibility often plays an important role in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

On which of the following tasks would the presence of observers be LEAST likely to lead to better and faster performance?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Central route persuasion is most likely when people

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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