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The idea that an emotion-arousing stimulus is simultaneously routed to the cortex and to the sympathetic nervous system is central to the


A) James-Lange theory.
B) Yerkes-Dodson law.
C) two-factor theory.
D) Cannon-Bard theory.

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Researchers have discovered that cyber-ostracism elicits increased activity in the


A) anterior commissure.
B) pancreas.
C) anterior cingulate cortex.
D) arcuate nucleus.

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Which theory has been accused of simply naming rather than explaining behaviors?


A) drive-reduction theory
B) two-factor theory
C) arousal theory
D) instinct theory

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The most basic or lowest-level need in Maslow's hierarchy of human motives includes the need for


A) self-esteem.
B) love and friendship.
C) religious fulfillment.
D) food and water.

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Which of the following influences on hunger motivation does NOT belong with the others?


A) set/settling point
B) attraction to sweet and salty tastes
C) reduced production of ghrelin after stomach bypass surgery
D) memory of time elapsed since your last meal

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Mr. Porter believes that aggression is an unlearned behavior characteristic of all children. He obviously believes that aggression is a(n)


A) incentive.
B) homeostatic mechanism.
C) instinct.
D) drive.

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Our need to belong is most clearly threatened by


A) chain migration.
B) drive reduction.
C) ostracism.
D) unit bias.

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Alison's school classmates make a point of ignoring her and they purposely exclude her from participation in any of their after-school social events. Their treatment of Alison most clearly illustrates


A) ostracism.
B) narcissism.
C) neophobia.
D) chain migration.

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As a member of the diplomatic corps, Alex was given special training in the customs, language, and religions of the nonindustrialized country where he would be living. However, Alex probably needed little training to correctly interpret his hosts' expressions of emotion as revealed by their


A) body postures.
B) facial expressions.
C) hand gestures.
D) tones of voice.

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Which of the following is most clearly NOT an example of an incentive?


A) social disapproval
B) a pornographic movie
C) a low blood glucose level
D) the smell of rotten eggs

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According to the ________, you would be able to experience emotion even without sympathetic nervous system arousal.


A) Cannon-Bard theory
B) James-Lange theory
C) two-factor theory
D) instinct theory

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The recipes commonly used in countries with hot climates are more likely to include ________ than those in countries with colder climates.


A) spices
B) carbohydrates
C) fats
D) proteins

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Concerning emotions and their accompanying bodily responses, which of the following appears to be true?


A) Each emotion has its own bodily response and underlying brain circuit.
B) All emotions involve the same bodily response as a result of the same underlying brain circuit.
C) Many emotions involve similar bodily responses but have different underlying brain circuits.
D) All emotions have the same underlying brain circuits but different bodily responses.

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When an organism's weight falls below its set point, the organism is likely to experience a(n) ________ in hunger and a(n) ________ in its basal metabolic rate.


A) increase; increase
B) decrease; decrease
C) increase; decrease
D) decrease; increase

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The influence of personal and cultural experience on our wants and desires can most clearly be seen in the influence of ________ on motivation.


A) instincts
B) homeostasis
C) incentives
D) set points

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When confronted by an armed robber, your emotional arousal is likely to be accompanied by


A) decreases in blood sugar levels.
B) slowing of digestion.
C) increases in salivation.
D) decreases in respiration rate.

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Which of the following is NOT an aspect of Murray's definition of achievement motivation?


A) the desire to master skills
B) the desire for control
C) the desire to gain approval
D) the desire to attain a high standard

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In a series of experiments, participants were more likely to act in aggressive ways such as blasting people with noise following the experience of


A) chain migration.
B) self-actualization.
C) drive reduction.
D) ostracism.

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Pictures of loved ones dampen feelings of physical pain by activating the


A) amygdala.
B) arcuate nucleus.
C) prefrontal cortex.
D) anterior cingulated cortex.

Correct Answer

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The polygraph measures the changes in ________ that accompany emotion.


A) blood sugar level
B) hormone secretions
C) pupil dilation
D) perspiration

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