Question 1

By suggesting that nurture works on what nature endows, psychologists highlight the fact that we are biologically endowed with a capacity for

Accepted Answer

A)   inborn ideas.
B)   natural selection.
C)   replication.
D)   learning and adaptation.

Question 2

A theoretical perspective in psychology can be like a two-dimensional view of a three-dimensional object because each perspective is

Accepted Answer

A)   limited in its scope.
B)   likely to contradict other perspectives.
C)   of little value for applied research.
D)   impossible to test scientifically.

Question 3

Psychological theories

Accepted Answer

A)   organize scientific observations.
B)   explain observed facts.
C)   generate hypotheses.
D)   do all of these things.

Question 4

Mark believes that people's dislike of bitter-tasting foods has promoted human survival. His belief best illustrates the ________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

A)   psychodynamic
B)   social-cultural
C)   evolutionary
D)   behavioral

Question 5

The group exposed to a newly created drug that is being tested in an experiment is called the ________ group.

Accepted Answer

A)   control
B)   standardized
C)   baseline
D)   experimental

Question 6

Cognitive neuroscience studies relationships between

Accepted Answer

A)   natural selection and genetic predispositions.
B)   childhood memories and psychological disorders.
C)   thought processes and brain functions.
D)   philosophy and physiology.

Question 7

Psychologists who study the degree to which genes influence our personality are working from the ________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

A)   behavioral
B)   evolutionary
C)   behavior genetics
D)   neuroscience

Question 8

In a psychological experiment, the factor that may be influenced by the manipulated experimental treatment is called the ________ variable.

Accepted Answer

A)   dependent
B)   experimental
C)   control
D)   independent

Question 9

Which of the following would be best for determining whether alcohol impairs memory?

Accepted Answer

A)   case study
B)   naturalistic observation
C)   survey
D)   experiment

Question 10

Today, psychology is a discipline that

Accepted Answer

A)   connects with a diversity of other fields.
B)   is largely independent of other disciplines.
C)   is focused primarily on basic research.
D)   is focused primarily on applied research.

Question 11

Which perspective is most concerned with how individuals interpret their experiences?

Accepted Answer

A)   behavioral
B)   cognitive
C)   neuroscience
D)   behavior genetics

Question 12

To assess the effectiveness of flu vaccine for county residents, Mr. Carlson wants to administer vaccine injections to all county residents rather than give half of them a placebo injection. Mr. Carlson is most clearly underestimating the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)   testing a large sample.
B)   operationally defining his procedures.
C)   replicating observations of other researchers.
D)   creating a control group.

Question 13

Random assignment is most likely to be used in ________ research.

Accepted Answer

A)   survey
B)   case study
C)   correlational
D)   experimental

Question 14

Which research method would be most effective for identifying the mating rituals of North American deer?

Accepted Answer

A)   survey research
B)   naturalistic observation
C)   experimentation
D)   the double-blind procedure

Question 15

The biopsychosocial approach provides an understanding of social-cultural influences integrated within the larger framework of

Accepted Answer

A)   SQ3R.
B)   naturalistic observation.
C)   humanistic psychology.
D)   multiple levels of analysis.

Question 16

A study of the relationship between reasoning capacities and brain functions would be of most direct interest to

Accepted Answer

A)   behaviorism.
B)   humanistic psychology.
C)   cognitive neuroscience.
D)   the psychodynamic perspective.

Question 17

In an experiment to determine the effects of attention on memory, memory is the

Accepted Answer

A)   control condition.
B)   intervening variable.
C)   independent variable.
D)   dependent variable.

Question 18

Unlike correlational studies, experiments involve

Accepted Answer

A)   operationally defining research procedures.
B)   manipulating the factors of interest.
C)   studying observable behaviors.
D)   replication of previous research.

Question 19

Mike Crampton's stockbroker has informed him that he has suffered substantial investment losses. When Mike tells his wife, she angrily responds, "I could have told you that your investment plan would fail!" Her comment best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   hindsight bias.
B)   debriefing.
C)   the placebo effect.
D)   replication.

Question 20

As scientists, psychologists adopt an attitude of skepticism because they believe that

Accepted Answer

A)   people are unlikely to reveal what they are really thinking.
B)   most commonsense ideas about human behavior are wrong.
C)   claims about human behavior need to be supported with evidence.
D)   events never occur randomly.

Exam 1: Thinking Critically With Psychological Science

Psychologists who study the degree to which genes influence our personality are working from the ________ perspective.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A study of the relationship between reasoning capacities and brain functions would be of most direct interest to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To assess the effectiveness of flu vaccine for county residents, Mr. Carlson wants to administer vaccine injections to all county residents rather than give half of them a placebo injection. Mr. Carlson is most clearly underestimating the importance of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cognitive neuroscience studies relationships between

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mark believes that people's dislike of bitter-tasting foods has promoted human survival. His belief best illustrates the ________ perspective.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Random assignment is most likely to be used in ________ research.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The biopsychosocial approach provides an understanding of social-cultural influences integrated within the larger framework of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mike Crampton's stockbroker has informed him that he has suffered substantial investment losses. When Mike tells his wife, she angrily responds, "I could have told you that your investment plan would fail!" Her comment best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Unlike correlational studies, experiments involve

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As scientists, psychologists adopt an attitude of skepticism because they believe that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a psychological experiment, the factor that may be influenced by the manipulated experimental treatment is called the ________ variable.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Today, psychology is a discipline that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which research method would be most effective for identifying the mating rituals of North American deer?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which perspective is most concerned with how individuals interpret their experiences?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

By suggesting that nurture works on what nature endows, psychologists highlight the fact that we are biologically endowed with a capacity for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would be best for determining whether alcohol impairs memory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A theoretical perspective in psychology can be like a two-dimensional view of a three-dimensional object because each perspective is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychological theories

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The group exposed to a newly created drug that is being tested in an experiment is called the ________ group.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In an experiment to determine the effects of attention on memory, memory is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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