Question 1

What are the mechanisms by which bacteria preferentially take up DNA from individuals of the same species? Check all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)   A specific sequence in the species DNA allows for uptake of DNA fragments that carry that sequence.
B)   Proteins that are secreted by the bacteria must reach a threshold level that is correlated to the number of individuals of the same species being present.
C)   Some species require a specific calcium level for uptake and the levels of calcium are correlated with the number of bacteria in localized area.

Question 2

The units of genetic distance derived from bacterial conjugation studies are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   seconds
B)   map units
C)   centimorgans
D)   recombination units
E)   minutes

Question 3

A phage that can carry a larger piece of a bacterial chromosome would have what type of effect on cotransduction frequencies?

Accepted Answer

A)   Raise the cotransduction frequency.
B)   Lower the cotransduction frequency.
C)   Have no effect on the cotransduction frequency.

Question 4

A histidine, methionine auxotroph ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   can synthesize only histidine and methionine
B)   can only use histidine and methionine as nutrition sources
C)   cannot synthesize histidine and methionine
D)   is killed by histidine and methionine
E)   lacks proteins with histidine or methionine

Question 5

The process of interrupted mating may be used to do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   Inhibit transduction
B)   Convert the recipient cell to F+
C)   Determine the relative position of bacterial genes
D)   Alter the genotype of the donor cell

Question 6

A minute is the basic unit of map distance in bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The site on a plasmid that is digested, producing a single strand of DNA, to allow conjugation to occur is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   origin of transfer
B)   relaxase
C)   nucleoprotein
D)   T DNA

Question 8

The process of conjugation may introduce new alleles into the recipient strain, altering its genotype.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following mechanisms of genetic transfer was first observed by Lederberg and Tatum (1946)  in Escherichia coli?

Accepted Answer

A)   Transformation
B)   Transduction
C)   Conjugation
D)   All of the answers are correct

Question 10

Which of the following matings would have the highest frequency of chromosomal gene transfer?

Accepted Answer

A)   F+ x F-
B)   F' x F-
C)   Hfr x F-

Question 11

Which of the following is true regarding bacterial genetics?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bacteria are usually diploid organisms.
B)   Bacteria primarily reproduce sexually.
C)   The patterns of inheritance in bacteria are studied using different mechanisms than eukaryotes.
D)   Bacteria generally have linear chromosomes.

Question 12

A cell with an F factor integrated into the bacterial chromosome is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   Hfr
B)   F+
C)   Conjugative plasmid A

Question 13

A structure called a(n)  ________ allows the transfer of genetic information during conjugation.

Accepted Answer

A)   F factor
B)   plasmid
C)   sex pilus
D)   transformation bridge

Question 14

Cotransduction establishes the general order of genes on a bacterial chromosome, while conjugation is more specific and thus may be used to establish precise distances.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Interrupted mating is defined as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the inability of a bacteriophage to transfer genetic material
B)   a mechanism of transformation
C)   a process of asexual reproduction in bacteria
D)   a process by which conjugation is stopped using a blender D

Question 16

Which of the following mechanisms of genetic transfer utilizes a physical connection between two bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)   Transformation
B)   Transduction
C)   Conjugation
D)   All of the answers are correct C

Question 17

Acquired antibiotic resistance between two different species is an example of vertical gene transfer.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following uses a bacteriophage as an intermediary for the genetic information?

Accepted Answer

A)   Transformation
B)   Transduction
C)   Conjugation
D)   All of the answers are correct

Question 19

Which of the following is true regarding conjugation?

Accepted Answer

A)   The bacteria must be in physical contact.
B)   Most bacterial species have the ability to conjugate.
C)   Strains called donor strains can transfer genetic information.
D)   Donor strains can convert non-donor strains into donor strains.
E)   All of the answers are correct.

Question 20

In the Lederberg and Tatum experiment what is the purpose of performing the experiment with the strains without adding them together?

Accepted Answer

A)   It serves as a control to calculate the rate of reversion mutations.
B)   There is no experimental purpose to performing that part of the experiment.
C)   It tests that the strains were made correctly.
D)   It tests to make sure the media was made correctly.

Exam 7: Genetic Transfer and Mapping in Bacteria

What are the mechanisms by which bacteria preferentially take up DNA from individuals of the same species? Check all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The units of genetic distance derived from bacterial conjugation studies are called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A phage that can carry a larger piece of a bacterial chromosome would have what type of effect on cotransduction frequencies?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A histidine, methionine auxotroph ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The process of interrupted mating may be used to do which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A minute is the basic unit of map distance in bacteria.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The site on a plasmid that is digested, producing a single strand of DNA, to allow conjugation to occur is called the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The process of conjugation may introduce new alleles into the recipient strain, altering its genotype.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following mechanisms of genetic transfer was first observed by Lederberg and Tatum (1946) in Escherichia coli?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following matings would have the highest frequency of chromosomal gene transfer?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true regarding bacterial genetics?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A cell with an F factor integrated into the bacterial chromosome is called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

A structure called a(n) ________ allows the transfer of genetic information during conjugation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cotransduction establishes the general order of genes on a bacterial chromosome, while conjugation is more specific and thus may be used to establish precise distances.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Interrupted mating is defined as ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Which of the following mechanisms of genetic transfer utilizes a physical connection between two bacteria?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Acquired antibiotic resistance between two different species is an example of vertical gene transfer.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following uses a bacteriophage as an intermediary for the genetic information?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true regarding conjugation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the Lederberg and Tatum experiment what is the purpose of performing the experiment with the strains without adding them together?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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A

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