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What is the molecular mechanism for imprinting a gene?


A) Acetylation
B) Nitration
C) Phosphorylation
D) Methylation

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In the Igf2 gene, which allele is expressed?


A) Paternal
B) Maternal
C) Both maternal and paternal
D) Neither allele is expressed

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A modification that occurs to a nuclear gene that alters gene expression without modifying the DNA sequence is called ________ inheritance.


A) extranuclear
B) cytoplasmic
C) maternal effect
D) epigenetic
E) nuclear

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Heteroplasmy is associated with inheritance patterns involving


A) nuclear.
B) paternal DNA.
C) chloroplasts.
D) ribosomes.
E) imprinted.

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mtDNA stands for ________ and cpDNA stands for ________.


A) extranuclear DNA, cytoplasmic DNA
B) maternal DNA, paternal DNA
C) marked DNA, copied DNA
D) nuclear, cytoplasmic
E) mitochondrial DNA, chloroplast DNA

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E

The Lyon hypothesis attempts to explain the molecular mechanism of ________.


A) X-inactivation
B) genomic imprinting
C) maternal inheritance
D) extranuclear inheritance

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A symbiotic relationship where one organism lives inside another species is called ________.


A) cytoplasmic inheritance
B) heteroplasmy
C) paternal leakage
D) endosymbiosis

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The inheritance of leaf pigmentation in the four-o'clock plant Mirabilis jalapa is an example of ________.


A) maternal effect
B) maternal inheritance
C) epigenetic inheritance
D) imprinting

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In which cells do erasure and re-establishment of imprinting marks typically not occur?


A) Nurse cells
B) Sperm cells
C) Oocytes
D) Somatic cells

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What is a disease associated with extra nuclear inheritance?


A) Angelman Syndrome
B) Prader-Willi Syndrome
C) LHON
D) Muscular Dystrophy

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C

Monoallelic expression is associated with which of the following?


A) X-inactivation
B) Genomic imprinting
C) Maternal inheritance
D) Extranuclear inheritance

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The inheritance patterns of genetic material that is not contained in the nucleus of the cell is called ________.


A) extranuclear inheritance
B) maternal effect
C) imprinting
D) nuclear
E) epigenetic

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Which diseases are associated with imprinting?


A) Angelman Syndrome
B) LHON
C) Alzheimer's Disease
D) All of the answers are correct

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Who is largely responsible for proposing the endosymbiosis theory?


A) Schimper, Wallin, Margulis
B) Lyon, Margulis, Schimper
C) Schimper, Wallin, Barr
D) Barr, Lyon, Margulis

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Dosage compensation offsets the problems associated with differences in the number of ________ chromosomes in many species.


A) cytoplasmic
B) autosome
C) sex
D) extranuclear
E) mitochondrial

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C

If the sperm cell contributes mitochondria to the oocyte, it is called ________.


A) paternal leakage
B) maternal leakage
C) paternal inheritance
D) mitochondria
E) imprinting

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In maternal effect, the ________ of the mother determines the ________ of the offspring.


A) phenotype, genotype
B) genotype, phenotype
C) rRNA, tRNA
D) imprinting, genotype

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Which of the following is false regarding human mtDNA?


A) It is around 17,000 bp in length.
B) It is a linear chromosome.
C) Multiple copies exist in each mitochondria.
D) It mostly contains rRNA and tRNA genes, and genes for mitochondrial function.

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Who originally identified a highly condensed structure in the interphase of nuclei?


A) Lyon
B) Barr
C) Ohno
D) None of the answers are correct

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What is thought to be the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts?


A) Cyanobacteria for mitochondria, purple bacteria for chloroplasts
B) Purple bacteria for mitochondria, fungi for chloroplasts
C) Purple bacteria for mitochondria, cyanobacteria for chloroplasts
D) Algae for mitochondria, cyanobacteria for chloroplasts

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