Question 1

Which of the following is evidence that all animal vision has evolved from a common origin?

Accepted Answer

A)  All animals use the same light-sensitive organs.
B)  All animals use the photopigment opsin to sense light.
C)  All animals have eyecups.
D)  All animals have ommatidia.

Question 2

Light entering a human eye travels through structures in this order:

Accepted Answer

A)  cornea, aqueous humor, pupil, lens, vitreous humor, retina.
B)  sclera, cornea, lens, aqueous humor, iris, vitreous humor, retina.
C)  aqueous humor, iris, pupil, lens, vitreous humor, retina.
D)  lens, cornea, vitreous humor, pupil, iris, aqueous humor, retina.

Question 3

Many insects can sense ultraviolet light. What is the evolutionary advantage of this ability?

Accepted Answer

A)  the ability to detect predators and avoid predation
B)  the ability to locate certain flowers for nectar, the insects' food source
C)  the ability to avoid other flying insects that compete for food
D)  the ability to sense balance and position during flight

Question 4

What is a sensory receptor?

Accepted Answer

A)  a nerve cell specialized to detect particular stimuli
B)  a membrane protein that binds to a sensory ligand
C)  the dendritic field of a sensory neuron
D)  a specialized tissue like the eye

Question 5

Research suggests that learning may involve:

Accepted Answer

A)  Ca2+ influx into a postsynaptic cell, causing biochemical changes and enhanced response to stimulation.
B)  changes in action potential duration caused by blocking voltage-gated K+ channels.
C)  strengthening the sodium-potassium pump.
D)  synaptic changes caused by decreasing the size of the synaptic cleft and increasing the effectiveness of neurotransmitter diffusion.
E)  synaptic changes causing slower reuptake of neurotransmitter from the synaptic cleft.

Question 6

Diagram A below shows a stimulus applied to a sensory cell, and diagram B is the pattern of action potentials generated in response.  This pattern of action potentials:

Accepted Answer

A)  permits discrimination between different kinds of stimuli.
B)  improves the simultaneous detection of two kinds of stimuli-for example, smell and taste.
C)  allows an animal to constantly measure the strength of a continuing input.
D)  allows an animal to detect the onset of a new stimulus. /12

Question 7

Cone cells most likely evolved from:

Accepted Answer

A)  rhodopsin.
B)  retinal.
C)  rod cells.
D)  ommatidia.

Question 8

The cerebellum functions in:

Accepted Answer

A)  memory storage.
B)  emotions.
C)  balance and motor skills.
D)  basal body functions such as heart function and respiratory rate.

Question 9

Which of the following is true of olfaction and gustation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gustation is chemosensory, whereas olfaction is not.
B)  Humans have more olfactory receptor proteins than gustation receptor proteins.
C)  Gustation and olfaction signals are processed by the same cranial nerves supplying the brain.
D)  Gustation is more sensitive to stimuli than olfaction.

Question 10

Another term that could be used to describe the chemosensitive hairs of an olfactory sensory neuron would be:

Accepted Answer

A)  dendrites.
B)  axons.
C)  axon collaterals.
D)  the cell body.

Question 11

The conversion of physical or chemical stimuli into nerve impulses is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory transduction.
B)  sensory reception.
C)  motor response.
D)  cellular response.

Question 12

Which of the following structures would NOT contain sensory receptors?

Accepted Answer

A)  the feet of a fruit fly
B)  the bill of a platypus
C)  the tongue of a dog
D)  the skin of a human
E)  None of the answer options is correct.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding rhodopsin?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is present in the photoreceptors of invertebrates and vertebrates.
B)  It can be found in a cylindrical arrangement in the opsin transmembrane protein.
C)  It contains retinal.
D)  It can mediate the opening and closing of sodium channels.
E)  It is both present in the photoreceptors of invertebrates and vertebrates AND can be found in a cylindrical arrangement in the opsin transmembrane protein.

Question 14

In which area of the brain are sound waves processed?

Accepted Answer

A)  visual cortex
B)  auditory cortex
C)  cerebellum
D)  somatosensory cortex

Question 15

An interneuron may receive multiple stimuli from the same sensory neuron over a very short period of time. The firing rate of the receiving neuron is proportional to the number of signals received from the sensory neuron over time. Of which of the following is this an example?

Accepted Answer

A)  temporal summation
B)  spatial summation
C)  action potential
D)  hyperpolarization

Question 16

The tympanic membrane of mammals is also known as the:

Accepted Answer

A)  oval window.
B)  cochlea.
C)  vestibular system.
D)  eardrum.

Question 17

The presence of a tympanic membrane in insects and vertebrates is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  divergent evolution.
B)  coevolution.
C)  convergent evolution.
D)  adaptive radiation.

Question 18

White matter of the cerebrum contains:

Accepted Answer

A)  neuronal cell bodies.
B)  myelinated axons.
C)  the respiratory centers.
D)  midbrain structures.

Question 19

Chemoreceptor is to taste as mechanoreceptor is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  smell.
B)  pain.
C)  temperature.
D)  sound.

Question 20

A man complains to his doctor that he has a very hard time smelling things. What could be the cause of this patient's poor sense of smell?

Accepted Answer

A)  His olfactory sensory neurons lack chemosensitive hairs.
B)  He has insufficient mucus production in his nasal cavity.
C)  His olfactory-associated interneurons cannot fire action potentials.
D)  Connections may not have developed between his olfactory-associated interneurons and sensory neurons.
E)  All of these choices are correct.

Exam 36: Animal Sensory Systems and Brain Function

The cerebellum functions in:

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What is a sensory receptor?

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Chemoreceptor is to taste as mechanoreceptor is to:

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Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding rhodopsin?

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Which of the following structures would NOT contain sensory receptors?

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White matter of the cerebrum contains:

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In which area of the brain are sound waves processed?

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Diagram A below shows a stimulus applied to a sensory cell, and diagram B is the pattern of action potentials generated in response. This pattern of action potentials:

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An interneuron may receive multiple stimuli from the same sensory neuron over a very short period of time. The firing rate of the receiving neuron is proportional to the number of signals received from the sensory neuron over time. Of which of the following is this an example?

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Research suggests that learning may involve:

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The presence of a tympanic membrane in insects and vertebrates is an example of:

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Light entering a human eye travels through structures in this order:

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Many insects can sense ultraviolet light. What is the evolutionary advantage of this ability?

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Another term that could be used to describe the chemosensitive hairs of an olfactory sensory neuron would be:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of olfaction and gustation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The conversion of physical or chemical stimuli into nerve impulses is known as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The tympanic membrane of mammals is also known as the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A man complains to his doctor that he has a very hard time smelling things. What could be the cause of this patient's poor sense of smell?

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Which of the following is evidence that all animal vision has evolved from a common origin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cone cells most likely evolved from:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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