Question 1

High- flying birds are able to obtain enough oxygen even when the air is very thin because

Accepted Answer

A)  they have reduced amounts of hemoglobin in their blood.
B)  their heart can increase or decrease in size as altitude changes.
C)  their mitochondria are more efficient than those of other vertebrates.
D)  they have more efficient lungs than other vertebrates.

Question 2

Oxygen is mostly transported through the body in which of the following ways?

Accepted Answer

A)  dissolved in the blood
B)  bound to hemoglobin
C)  dissolved in red blood cells
D)  bound to dissolved iron

Question 3

Cigarette smoke can affect the white blood cells that reside in our lungs,whose purpose is to

Accepted Answer

A)  prevent emphysema.
B)  enhance oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange.
C)  maintain appropriate pH and moisture levels within the lungs.
D)  engulf foreign particles.

Question 4

Evolutionary movement of aquatic vertebrates to land involved an intermediate individual that

Accepted Answer

A)  is called a "podafish."
B)  could fly.
C)  had both gills and lungs.
D)  evolved a tracheal system of branching internal tubes.

Question 5

Most CO2 is transported to the lungs in which of the following ways?

Accepted Answer

A)  as carboxyl
B)  attached to hemoglobin or as bicarbonate ions
C)  dissolved in the plasma
D)  as carbonic anhydrase

Question 6

When you hold your breath,which of the following blood gas changes leads initially to the urge to breathe again?

Accepted Answer

A)  falling oxygen concentration
B)  rising carbon dioxide concentration
C)  falling carbon dioxide concentration
D)  rising oxygen concentration

Question 7

Which part of the diagram shows alveoli?

Accepted Answer

A)  part A
B)  part B
C)  part C
D)  part D

Question 8

Oxygen moves from blood into the interstitial fluid and then to body cells because

Accepted Answer

A)  it descends down an osmotic gradient,following the movement of water.
B)  it diffuses from a higher to a lower pH.
C)  it diffuses from a region of higher partial pressure to a region of lower partial pressure.
D)  it diffuses from a region of lower partial pressure to a region of higher partial pressure.

Question 9

What part of the human brain contains the primary breathing control center?

Accepted Answer

A)  medulla oblongata
B)  neocortex
C)  thalamus
D)  cerebellum

Question 10

The reason animals need a continuous supply of oxygen is to

Accepted Answer

A)  obtain energy from their food.
B)  carry out glycolysis.
C)  make carbon dioxide.
D)  dispose of carbon dioxide.

Question 11

When you are breathing normally,exhalation results mainly from

Accepted Answer

A)  the contraction of muscles in the chest.
B)  the relaxation of the chest muscles and diaphragm.
C)  the contraction of the diaphragm.
D)  low pressure in the lungs.

Question 12

The body structure where gas exchange occurs is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  integumentary surface.
B)  exchange network.
C)  capillary network.
D)  respiratory surface.

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the nasal cavities in humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  warming inhaled air
B)  determining O2 content in inhaled air
C)  secreting excess carbon dioxide into exhaled air
D)  secreting enzymes for digestion

Question 14

At which point(s) in the figure is blood oxygen- rich?

Accepted Answer

A)  points A and B
B)  points A and D
C)  point C only
D)  points D and E

Question 15

Which of the following animals requires the largest and most complex lungs proportional to its overall body size?

Accepted Answer

A)  newt
B)  bear
C)  frog
D)  turtle

Question 16

Which of the following statements regarding breathing and circulation in insects is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The tracheal system of insects consists of a series of branching air tubes that extend from the surface to deep inside the body.
B)  Insects lose very little water by using a tracheal system to breathe.
C)  The circulatory system of insects is not involved in transporting oxygen.
D)  Terrestrial animals such as insects spend much more energy than aquatic animals to ventilate their respiratory surfaces.

Question 17

The oxygen- carrying component in red blood cells is

Accepted Answer

A)  hemoglobin.
B)  the cell membrane.
C)  bicarbonate ions.
D)  iron.

Question 18

In the countercurrent exchange system of fish gills,

Accepted Answer

A)  blood flow in the gills reverses direction with every heartbeat.
B)  blood and water are separated by a thick polysaccharide barrier.
C)  blood and water flow in the same direction.
D)  blood and water flow in opposite directions.

Question 19

Cigarette smoking and secondhand smoke cause cancer due to the

Accepted Answer

A)  toxins in the smoke.
B)  immunosuppressive effects they display.
C)  resistance they have for products of our immune system.
D)  effects they have on our breathing mechanisms.

Question 20

Compared to the vital capacity,how much air can lungs actually hold?

Accepted Answer

A)  sometimes less
B)  always more
C)  sometimes more
D)  always less

Exam 22: Gas Exchange

Which of the following animals requires the largest and most complex lungs proportional to its overall body size?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The body structure where gas exchange occurs is called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cigarette smoke can affect the white blood cells that reside in our lungs,whose purpose is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared to the vital capacity,how much air can lungs actually hold?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The reason animals need a continuous supply of oxygen is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

High- flying birds are able to obtain enough oxygen even when the air is very thin because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At which point(s) in the figure is blood oxygen- rich?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oxygen is mostly transported through the body in which of the following ways?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a function of the nasal cavities in humans?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most CO2 is transported to the lungs in which of the following ways?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The oxygen- carrying component in red blood cells is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When you hold your breath,which of the following blood gas changes leads initially to the urge to breathe again?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What part of the human brain contains the primary breathing control center?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evolutionary movement of aquatic vertebrates to land involved an intermediate individual that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When you are breathing normally,exhalation results mainly from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oxygen moves from blood into the interstitial fluid and then to body cells because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the countercurrent exchange system of fish gills,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cigarette smoking and secondhand smoke cause cancer due to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements regarding breathing and circulation in insects is false?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which part of the diagram shows alveoli?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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