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Exam 8: Culture and Communication in the Global Workplace

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Question 1

Multiple Choice

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According to the GLOBE study, the extent to which individuals engage in future-oriented behaviors, such as delaying gratification, planning and investing in the future, explains which dimension?

A) Future orientation
B) Gender egalitarianism
C) Uncertainty avoidance
D) Assertiveness

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Question 2

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Which dimension refers to the fostering of virtues oriented toward future rewards, and in particular, perseverance and thrift?

A) Short-term orientation
B) Individualist society
C) Long-term orientation
D) Power distance

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C

Question 3

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Based on Hofstede's work, countries who have large power distance include:

Box 8.3: Based on the study from Pekerti and Thomas (2003), are members of cultural group interacting with a member of another group more likely to change their original communication style or reinforce it?

Which statement is not true about collectivist societies?

The ability to identify, understand, and apply the communicative behaviors of members of the other groups is referred to as _________________________.

An assumption underlying collectivism is that hiring relatives of employees increases the company's business risk.

Why was Hofstede's work criticized? What are some of the strengths from Hofstede's work?

Power distance, one of the four axis to examine culture in different countries, can be defined as:

Geert Hofstede's multinational study examining national cultures was criticized for:

The hierarchical strata in the organizations are considered permeable, providing the possibility for subordinates and supervisors to move up or down the ladder.

In small power distance societies, subordinates and supervisors consider themselves as existentially equal.

The fifth dimension, or axis, that was introduced later to examine culture in different countries was __________________.

"Culture consists of patterns, explicit or implicit, of and for behaviorally acquired and transmitted by symbols, constituting the distinctive achievements of human groups, including their embodiments in artifacts; the essential core of culture consists of traditional (historically derived and selected) ideas and especially their attached values; culture systems may, on the one hand, be considered as products of action, on the other as conditioning elements of further action." This definition of culture was proposed by______________ after analyzing 160 definitions of the concept of culture.

Individualism vs. Collectivism, one of the four axis to examine culture in different countries, is defined as:

Hofstede (1980) presented a statistical analysis of about 117,000 questionnaires collected in 1967 and 1973 from employees working in IBM subsidiaries in 40 different countries. The most important result of this analysis was a theoretical formulation of value dimensions for representing differences among national cultures, which consists of:

In large power distance societies, the hierarchical system in society is considered theoretical.

Hofstede (1980) found that national culture as measured along the four axes, explained more of the differences in work-related values and attitudes than did positions within the organization, professions, ages or gender.

Which statement is true about an individualist society?

Box 8.3: Pekerti and Thomas (2003) examined intercultural and intracultural communication styles between two groups in New Zealand. Anglo-Europeans, presenting a low-context individualist culture and ____________, representing high-context collectivist culture.