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When extrinsic rewards are given to someone for performing an interesting task,it causes intrinsic interest in the task itself to decline.

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SCENARIO 4-3 Sara is a new manager hired by Glass Industries Inc.She has discovered that working conditions are not good for her employees-they work in an old building with a poor heating,air-conditioning and ventilation system.The work itself is tedious and a supervisor who reports directly to Sara is rarely available to assist and help them make decisions on unique work orders.Sara has decided to analyze this work situation using Herzberg's motivation-hygiene. -Refer to Scenario 4-3.Which of the following would motivate the employees according to Herzberg?


A) improvement in working conditions
B) fixing the heating system
C) receiving recognition for a job well done
D) having the supervisor "hang around" more
E) eliminating the supervisor's position

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Lilly was a strong employee who was committed to the objectives of her department and the goals of her company.Which of the following would likely also be applicable to her?


A) dislikes work
B) needs to be controlled
C) avoids responsibility
D) exercises self-direction
E) displays little ambition

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Cognitive evaluation theory is concerned with whether individuals perceive that rewards are distributed in a fair and equitable manner.

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Mr.King was debating on how to best motivate his employees.According to self-concordance,he should


A) provide relative rewards.
B) consider employee input-output ratio.
C) provide absolute rewards.
D) consider how strongly employee reasons for pursuing goals are consistent with their core values.
E) increase extrinsic rewards.

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D

SMART stands for


A) specific,measurable,attainable,reliable,and time-bound.
B) specific,unfixed,attainable,results-oriented,and time-bound.
C) specific,measurable,attainable,results-oriented,and time-bound.
D) equivocal,measurable,attainable,results-oriented,and time-bound.
E) specific,measurable,inaccessible,results-oriented,and time-bound.

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Harry is motivated by salary increases,promotions and benefits packages.Thus,he is motivated by intrinsic rewards.

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SCENARIO 4-6 You graduated from college two years ago and began working at Hampstead Electronics.You have received good performance evaluations and a raise.You just found out that a recent college graduate with no experience has been hired at a higher salary than you are now making. -Refer to Scenario 4-6.Which theory will you probably use in evaluating how you regard this situation?


A) equity
B) expectancy
C) goal setting
D) reinforcement
E) performance-reward

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When employees feel they have been unfairly treated,having opportunities to express their frustration reduces the desire for retribution.

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In equity theory,if perceived inputs and outcomes are not balanced,an individual will make adjustments to correct the imbalance.

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The four ingredients common to MBO programs are goal specificity,participative decision making,an implicit time period,and performance feedback.

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Extrinsic rewards include challenging projects,autonomy,recognition,and opportunity for additional training.

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To increase employees' perception of procedural justice,managers should consider openly sharing information the process they follow when allocating rewards and work assignments.

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SCENARIO 4-2 Your department is diverse-it is made up of people who are different in their lifestyles and their stages of life.Mary is a 23-year-old single parent who is working for minimum wage.Jonathan is 60 years old,extremely wealthy and works because he enjoys it.Jane is single,45 years old and has few friends or activities outside the office.You have decided to attempt to apply Maslow's hierarchy of needs to motivate each of these individuals. -Refer to Scenario 4-2.Which of the following do you think would motivate Mary the most?


A) more vacation time
B) more responsibility
C) greater discretion over her job
D) more money
E) more satisfying work

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SCENARIO 4-2 Your department is diverse-it is made up of people who are different in their lifestyles and their stages of life.Mary is a 23-year-old single parent who is working for minimum wage.Jonathan is 60 years old,extremely wealthy and works because he enjoys it.Jane is single,45 years old and has few friends or activities outside the office.You have decided to attempt to apply Maslow's hierarchy of needs to motivate each of these individuals. -Refer to Scenario 4-2.You would expect that Mary is trying to satisfy which need?


A) social
B) esteem
C) physiological
D) self-actualization
E) safety

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Valence answers the question "If I'm rewarded,are the rewards attractive to me?

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An employee motivated by intrinsic rewards,would most likely choose


A) ongoing opportunities for education and training.
B) a company car.
C) incentive bonuses.
D) increased salary.
E) generous employee benefits.

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Using examples,discuss equity theory and explain how a manager might apply it in the workplace.

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- equity theory-employees compare their ...

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Which of the following is a process theory of motivation?


A) equity theory
B) expectancy theory
C) needs theory
D) hygiene theory
E) ERG theory

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B

ABC Inc.is well known as a company that uses a human relations approach; the company nurtures creativity and self-control in its employees.This company was following


A) Theory X.
B) Theory Z.
C) Theory Y.
D) Theory T.
E) Theory Q.

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C

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