A poll reported that 3 out of 50 first year university students surveyed did not have jobs,while 7 out of 50 second year university students did not have jobs during the academic year.

A) P-value = 0.1836; If there is no difference in the proportions,there is about a 18.36% chance of seeing the observed difference or larger by natural sampling variation.
B) P-value = 0.0918; If there is no difference in the proportions,there is about a 9.18% chance of seeing the exact observed difference by natural sampling variation.
C) P-value = 0.0072; If there is no difference in the proportions,there is about a 0.72% chance of seeing the observed difference or larger by natural sampling variation.
D) P-value = 0.1836; There is about a 18.36% chance that the two proportions are equal.
E) P-value = 0.0613; There is about a 6.13% chance that the two proportions are equal.

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Bennett Musselman · Accepted Answer

Final Answer : A, Explanation :  The correct choice is A because it accurately describes the meaning of a p-value in the context of comparing proportions. A p-value of 0.1836 suggests that, assuming there is no true difference in the proportions of first year and second year university students without jobs, there is an 18.36% chance of observing a difference as large or larger than the one observed due to random sampling variation. This interpretation correctly reflects the concept of a p-value in statistical hypothesis testing.

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