Which of the following is based on the methods of operant conditioning?

A) John B. Watson's interpretation of how people learn phobias
B) electroconvulsive therapy for depressed patients
C) an interpretation of how drug tolerance develops
D) common methods of training animals to perform in shows

Operant Conditioning

A method of learning that occurs through rewards and punishments for behavior, influencing the likelihood of that behavior being repeated.

Electroconvulsive Therapy

A psychiatric treatment in which seizures are electrically induced in patients to provide relief from mental disorders.

Phobias

Persistent and irrational fears of specific objects, activities, or situations, leading to significant distress or impairment.